Priyanshu

Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English aids you to prepare all the topics in it effectively. You need not worry about the accuracy of the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 Book 50 Marks Solutions Poem 6 Everyone Sang Questions and Answers as they are given adhering to the latest exam pattern and syllabus guidelines. Enhance your subject knowledge by preparing from the Chapter wise Bihar Board Class 11th English Book Solutions and clarify your doubts on the corresponding topics.

BSEB Bihar Board 12th English Book 50 Marks Solutions Poem 6 Everyone Sang

Kick start your preparation by using our online resource Bihar Board Class 11 English Solutions. You can even download the Bihar Board Board Solutions for Class 11 Poem 6 Everyone Sang Questions and Answers in Prison free of cost through the direct links available on our page. Clear your queries and understand the concept behind them in a simple manner. Simply tap on the concept you wish to prepare in the chapter and go through it.

Bihar Board 12th English Everyone Sang Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Who wrote this poem, “Every One Sang” ?
Answer:
Siegfried Sassoon wrote this poem, “Everyone Sang”.

Question 2.
When was the poet born ?
Answer:
The poet “Siegfried Sasson” was bom in 1886.

Question 3.
When did the poet die ?
Answer:
The poet Siegfried Sasson died in 1967.

Question 4.
What is meant by “Everyone Sang” ?
Answer:
The poem, “Every One Sang” suggests that every body related to this poem was filled with joy. Everyone felt the same kind of joy after the first world war 1914-18 had ended. When the news of Armistic came through in November 1918 every soldier, every man went wild with joy.

Question 5.
Write the important works of the poet.
Answer:
The important works of the poet of are
(i) Memories of an Infantry officer
(ii) The weald of youth
(iii) Siegfried’s journey
(iv) The old Wuntsman
(v) Counterattack
(vi) Satirical poems
(vii) Vigil etc.

Question 6.
Explain: O but everyone,
was bird, and the song was wordless,
the singing will never be done.
Answer:
The news of the Armistic made everyone happy and joyful body was jubilant and oveijoyed. Everyone felt the same joy that a caged bird feels when it is suddenly let loose and is allowed to fly as its sweet wile over orchards and green meadows. As a matter of fact the song was in ever one’s heart.

Question 7.
How does the poet express his sense of relief from the confinement and horror of french to warfare ?
Answer:
The poet had taken active part in the first world war. Actually he was a commissioned officer. During the war period he had to lead a cabined and confined life in same joy after getting freed one like the caged birds when they are made from their respective cages. He was very pleased as he got relief from the confinement and horror of fresh to war fare.

Question 8.
How does the poet express his seed of sadden ecstasy ?
Answer:
There was a sudden autburst of song all around when the news of armistic came it was a day fo great joy and happiness. Actually the poet’s heart was filled with the pleasure felt by caged birds when they are suddenly released and allowed to fly with a new found liberty over orchards and meadows. There was universal rejoicing, with the breath of new life that was on the air everybody was possessed with the glad emotions of song birds.

Question 9.
Critically examine the poem ‘Every One Sang’.
Answer:
The poet, Siegfried Sassoon, was bom in Kent in 1886 and died in 1967. He joined the First World War and wrote various volumes of lyrics and satires specially after 1918 against war and war activities.

The present poem refers to the end of the First World War in November, 1918, when the Germans were finally defeated and asked for armistice. When the news of armistice came it was a day of great joy and happiness. The poem expresses this happiness. In the first stanza the poet compares his joy with the joy of birds who have been suddenly set free from their cages. When the birds are set free they fly wildly into their freedom and quickly vanish out of sight so much is their joy. The war was like a prison and when it ended all felt a very great sense of joy and relief—a feeling that now the freedom has been won, and they have come out of prision. The poet comes from ‘delight’ to ‘beauty’ in the second stanza. All ugliness and ‘horror’ have vanished and everywhere it is beautiful.

He thinks of the beauty coming from the ‘setting sun1 and he almost cries out of joy (‘My heart was shaken with tears’). But his joy is deeper than they joy felt by the birds. It is because, first of all, it is a silent joy (song was wordless’), and secondly, it is more permanent than that of birds, (‘the singing will never be done’) Thus the poem is a short, well-organized poem. It express powerfully the feelings of joy and freedom. These feelings grew out of the armistice day in November, 1918, which give a special meaning to the poem. But we can also take the poem in a general way expressing the feelings of joy and freedom.

Question 10.
Why does the poet compare a soldier to a caged bird.
Answer:
The poet compares a solider on the war frong to a caged bird. A bird loves freedom and liberty. When it is caged it feels suffocations and it dislikes slavery. A soldier also fights for freedom and he is against of any kind of slavery. When a bird is set free from its cage it soars up in the sky and flies till it is out of sight. Likewise a solider is set free from the trenches and barracks. His heart leaps up when he hears that his enemy is defeated and armistice is announced. His desire for freedom is fulfilled and he is able to return to their homes to see their friends and relatives.

Everyone Sang Word Meanings

Everyone—Everyone who hearts the news of armistice, specially it refers to soldiers engaged in the war field and now they are set free. Prisoned birds— Birds prisoned to their cages. Everyone was a bird—Man is compared to the bird, because they enjoy fredom.

Everyone Sang Paraphrase

1. Every one suddenly ……….. and out of sight

In the first stanza of the poem the poet compares a solider engaged in the war field to a prisoned bird. A bird is prisoned in its case. As it is set free it goes on flying. At first it is seen flying over the orchards and green fields and it goes on flying till it is out of sight in the vast open sky. So the armistice is announced and the soldiers are set free from their trenches and barracks. They get freedom and their mission is to be fulfilled. So they burst out singing and their hearts leap up in the sky.

Explanation : These lines have been taken from the poem “Every one sang” composed by S. Sasson. In these lines the poet expresses his heart fell joys for freedom. The armistice is announced the Germans are defeated. Thus the mission for fighting a war is fulfilled and soldiers are set free.

So there is no end of thier joy. They start singing and dancing. The soliders are Compared to a caged bird. As a bird is set fee from its cage it goes on flying. It is seen flying over orchards and green field till it vanishes in the often blue sky. The soldiers are set free from their baracks and they enjoy real freedom. So they start singing and dancing.

2. In the second stanza the poet comes from “delight to Beauty”. The poet thinks of the beauty coming from “the setting sun” and he almost cries out of joy “My heart was, shaken with tears”. The poet has witnessed the horror of war. Thousands were killed and many beautiful towns and cities were destroyed only their debries were fund. Now the armistice is announced the germans are defeated. So there is dawn of permanent peace. The ugliness of war is over and there will be creations out of destructions. So the poet vigulises real beauty emerging from the clouds of war.

Explanation : In these concluding lines the poet comes from “delight to beauty”. The beauty coming from the setting sun. In the evening the horizon is red and birds are chirping on the way to their nests. The poet vigualises real beauty emerging from the clouds of war as a peace and creation. There will be creations out of destructions of war and now the humanity will denounce future war.

So the joys of soldiers are deeper and permanent than the joys of birds who are set free from their cages. The soliders can not give the expression of their joys in words. The poet is overjoyed and tears roll down from their checks, because the horror of war is over and there will be no war in future. Though it is expression of joy on the day of armistice but we take it in a general way expressing the feelings of joy and freedom.

Everyone Sang About the Poem

The poet Siegfried Sassoon was bom in Kent in 1886 and died in 1967. The joined the first world war (1914-19) and witnessed the horror of war. He loved freedom and democracy. For the sake of democracy he fought the war but at heart he loved peace and wished that permanent peace should prevail on this earth. As a poet he is renouned for his lyrics and satires. He wrote many poems on the horror of war. This poem refers to the end of the war in November 1918 when the Germans were finally defeated and asked for armistice.

Everyone Sang Introduction

“Everyone Sang” is a lyric composed by Sieg fried Sassoon a great lover for freedom of 20th century. The poet was engaged in war field (1914-19) and had witnessed the horror of the first world war. England participated in the war for the sake of liberty and protection of democracy. In the war field the poet led a trouble some life in trences and he was away from his kith and kin finally Germans was defeated and the news of armistic spread like the wild fire and every one began to sing a song of freedom and joy.

Everyone Sang Summary in Hindi

हर कोने सहसा ऊँचे-नीचे स्वरों में गाने लगा । सहसा सैकड़ों-हजारों कंठों से गीत फूट पड़े । और मैं खुशी से इतना भर उठा जैसे कि पिंजरमुक्त होकर पागलों की तरह उड़ान भरने लगते हैं । हरे-भरे मैदानों वनों से होते हुए गुजरते हैं और दूर-बहुत दूर जाकर अंत में आँखों से ओझल हो जाते हैं।

हर एक की आवाज एकाएक उठ गई, आरोह में आ गई और तब अस्त होते हुए सूर्य के सौन्दर्य की तरह सुन्दरता का आगमन हुआ । खुशी में मेरा हृदय झूम उठा । आतंक धीरे-धीरे छंटने लगा……….ओह, हर कोई तो जैसे पक्षी लग रहा हो । हाँ, लोगों के गीत नि:शब्द थे और उनका गीत एक कभी न शाम होनेवाला गीत था ।

Everyone Sang Summary in English

“Every One Sang” is a lyric composed by S. Sassoon a great war poet of 20th Century. The poet was engaged in war activities so he had witnessed the horror of war. In November 1918 the Germans were defeated and asked for armistice. When the news of armistice came it was a day of great joy and happiness. This poem is an expression of joy for freedom. The war was fought for freedom and the defeat of Germany was sure so the poet is over-joyed that the mission for fighting a war was to be fulfilled, Secondly the soldiers who were away from their Kith and Kin were to set free and now they would be able to see their relatives. So the news of armistice brought a great pleasure to them.

The poet compares a soldiers to a bird which gets freedom from its cage. As a bird is set free from its cage, it goes on flying in the open sky. It flies till it is our of sight in the vast blue sky. Likewise the soldier is set free from the barracks and frenches and he is over-joyed to hear that the war is over. He starts singing a song which symbolises his joy for freedom.

In the second stanza the poet comes from ‘Delight’ to ‘Beauty’ the horror of war vanishes and every where it is beautiful. The poet thinks of the beauty coming from “The setting sum and he almost cries out of joy” “My heart was shaken with tears”. The delight and they beauty which emerge from the clouds of war are more deepler and permanent than the joys of birds which get freedom from their cages.

This soliders are filled with intense joy and they can not giver expression to their joys in words. It is a permanent joy because the armistice would bring a permanent peace on the world. Though the feelings of joy were expressed on the day of armistice but we can also take the poem in a general way expressing the feelings of day and freedom.

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of Class 12 to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Bihar Board Class 12 Poem 6 Everyone Sang English Solutions in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

We believe the information shared regarding Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English Poem 6 Everyone Sang Questions and Answers as far as our knowledge is concerned is true and reliable. In case of any queries or suggestions do leave us your feedback and our team will guide you at the soonest possibility. Bookmark our site to avail latest updates on several state board Solutions at your fingertips.

Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English aids you to prepare all the topics in it effectively. You need not worry about the accuracy of the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 Book 50 Marks Solutions Poem 2 Echo Questions and Answers as they are given adhering to the latest exam pattern and syllabus guidelines. Enhance your subject knowledge by preparing from the Chapter wise Bihar Board Class 11th English Book Solutions and clarify your doubts on the corresponding topics.

BSEB Bihar Board 12th English Book 50 Marks Solutions Poem 2 Echo

Kick start your preparation by using our online resource Bihar Board Class 11 English Solutions. You can even download the Bihar Board Board Solutions for Class 11 Poem 2 Echo Questions and Answers in Prison free of cost through the direct links available on our page. Clear your queries and understand the concept behind them in a simple manner. Simply tap on the concept you wish to prepare in the chapter and go through it.

Bihar Board 12th English Echo Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Who wrote the poem “Echo”.
Answer:
Walter De La Mare wrote this poem “Echo”.

Question 2.
When and where was he born ?
Answer:
Walter De La Mare was born on April 26,1873 are Cholton, Kent.

Question 3.
When did he di ?
Answer:
Walter De La Mare died in 1952.

Question 4.
Write the chief works of the poet.
Answer:
The chief works of the poet are The Return, The Three mulla Mulgars, The Listerers and other poems, peacock pie memories of a mid get. The Ridde Broom Sticks, Told Again etc.

Question 5.
What is the central idea of tech poem “Echo” ?
Answer:
The central idea of the poem is mystery behind an echo. To the poet, it seems that he is being followed by some persons who always try to answer back whatever he says.

Question 6.
Who is “I” in the poem ?
Answer:
The poet is “I” in this poem.

Question 7.
What do you mean by “leafy boughs” ?
Answer:
It means bough’s of the trees full of leaves.

Question 8.
What do you understand by “bither thither” ?
Answer:
These two words mean here and there ‘everywhere.

Question 9.
Give two examples of onomatopoea ?
Answer:
The word onomatopoea is a figure of speech which means sound signifying sense. For this word two examples are
(i) hissing
(ii) whispersing.

Question 10.
What do you understand by the following lines:
“Eyes in the green in the shade,
In the motionless brake,
Voices the said what I said,
for mockery’s sake”.
Answer:
In the above said stanza the poet means to say that the looked here and there that is “In the green in the shade” but he found no one there naturally it seemed to him that somebody was replying to him mockingly.

Question 11.
Show that you have read and understood the poem “Echo”.
Or, Show your acquaintance with the poem “Echo”.
Or, Critically appriciate the poem “Echo “.
Answer:
Echo is a beautiful poem composed by Walter de la Mare, an eminent poet of the Edwardian age. The poem deals with a very simple experience that is how our sound is reflected back.

This is a personal experience of the poet which ultimately gets common sanction. The poet stood in the open space of a Jungle and said in loud voice who called ? No sooner it was spoken, than the poet heard the echo of his own voice-who called ? Who called one short sentence from the poet had produced two or more than two sentences. The sound who called rang in the atmosphere which baffled the birds. The birds became alert but they could not locate the original source of the echoing sound. The poet to wondered how his words were echoed back, who repeated who called ? Who called ?’ after him.

The poet stood in the open space of a thick forest. He imagines as if his sound went up to the leaves of the farthest branches of the trees, When he said, ‘who called ?’ loudly, the leaves hissed on the sun’. Beneath the trees it was all dark. It is really wonderful how the poet finds the air dark (dark air) which carried his cry to the unknown region.

‘Eyes in teh green’ in the third stanza suggest the rare gift of imagination which the poet had. The poet imagines as if there were some mysterious creatures behind the leaves and the trees looking at him but he was not able to spot them out Perhaps it were these creatures who rectumed his call. His simple who called ?’ was mockingly returned as who called ? Who called ?’ He thought they were unmocking his voice.

We find the poet’s reaction to the mimicry in the fourth and the last stanza of the poem. The mimicry brought a mixed feeling in the poet, of irritation and pain. Hence with tears in his eyes he cried aloud ‘who cares ?’ The show wind carried his voice to the furthest end of the forest. But very soon the poet received the same mimicking sound. Who cares ? Who cares ? rang throughout the forest.

The word used in the poem are simple and appropriate, ‘whispering glades’ ‘leafy boughts’, ‘dark air’ are some of fine uses language in the poem.

The lines.
The leafy bought on high
Hissed on the sun
and ‘who called ? who called ?
appeal to us at acoustic level.

Music plays key role in creating a dream like situation in the poem. There is a conscious effort on the part of De La Mare to create musical effect in the poem. Hence we get alternate rhyme scheme in the poem. It is a successful poem by Waleter De La Mare.

Question 12.
How would you explain echo through the content of the first stanza of the poem ?
Answer:
Echo is produced when a sound is reflected or sent back. In the first stanza of the poem, the poet refers to his own experience. In an open space of a certain forest the poet said who called in a loud voice. No sooner it was spoken than his words were reflected the whole atmosphere rang with who called ? Who called ? This was the echo of the poets original who called ?

Question 13.
What do you understand by the following lines.
This leafy boughs on high
Hissed on the Sun
Answer:
When who called ? form the poet produced an echo it resounded throughout the immediates sorrounding of the poet. The echo might have reached the twings of the trees, leaves on high branches of the trees were moving as the wind blew. The poet imagines as of the leaves were making hissing sound to the sun.

Question 14.
What is the significance of ‘eye’ in the third stanza of the poem?
Answer:
The ‘eyes’ referred to in the third stanza of the poem suggest the possibility of the presence of some mysterious creatures in the forest who were perhaps seeing the poet but whom the poet could not see.

Question 15.
Why did the poet say who cares ? and to what effect ?
Answer:
When the poet heard who called ? Who called he thought some unknown persons were mimicking him. He did not like this taunting reply. Actually he had mixed feeling of anger and pain and so with tears in his eyes he cried aloud ‘who cares ? ‘But who cares ?’ too produced the same effect which the earlier who called ? had produced. He heard the echo of “Who cares?” which we notice in the last two lines of the last stanza of the poem. In the silence, who cares ? who cares ? wailed to and fro.

The echo too bore the same wailing tenor which was there in the original ‘who cares ?’

Question 16.
Why were the birds baffled ?
Answer:
The birds were baffled to hear the echo produced by the words ‘who called ? of the poet. To the birds such sound was quite unusual, they were used to the quietude of the forest.

Question 17.
What do you understand by whispening glades ?
Answer:
Whispening glades in the first stanza refer to the twittering sound produced by the birds on the trees round the open space of the forest.

Echo Word Meanings

Whispering = फुस्फुसाहट, leafy = पत्तेदार । shade = छाया | motionless = गतिहीन । tears = आँसू । to and frow = इधर-उधर ।

Echo Paraphrase

Who called ? ………… who called ?

The speaker was in the forest. He said who called ? His words travelled through the clear open spaces in the forest. Who called ? resounded here and here in the jungle. The echo who called ? Who called puzzled the birds they could not understand where from sound was coming to them.

The leafy boughs ………… faintingly on.

Even the high large branches at the top of the trees seemed to receive the echoing sound which they passed on to the sun. Under the trees the air is dark. When the speaker speaks out loudly the leaves make hissing sound the dark air carries his cry further.

Eyes in the green ………… sake.

Here the poet makes use of his imagination. He imagines as if some unseen persons are hidden behind the trees in darkness. Perhaps the echo is made by them. He imagines that the eyes which he cannot see are looking at him from all comers of the thick forest. The echo of ’who called is produced by those unseen persons just to ridicule him.

Who cares ………… to and fro.

The speaker sharply reacts to the mocking tone of echo coming from the unseen persons. He cries in his loud shrill voice who cares ? The speed of the wind slows down and once again the speaker is baffled at the echo. Who cares who cares ? once again he hears the same type of mocking sound.

Echo About the Poet

Walter De la mare (1873-1956) a poet of great imagination and craftsmanship was born in 1873 at Charlton in Kent. He wrote poems novels fantasy and critical essays but primarily he was a lyric poet. He was a teller of hounting tales, a poet of childhood wonder and of strange beauty. Came Hither” which came in 1923 makes a delightful reading for children we find ourselves floating along with the poet in a dream world such is the atmosphere of the poems by De La Mare.

Walter De La mare wrote with directness and simplicity and in a wide variety of measures. His poems are always musical, evoling a sense of the strange, the pathetic, the other-wordly whimsical and the charming.

Echo Summary in Hindi

‘किसने पुकारा’-मैंने कहा और मेरे वे शब्द जंगल की पगडंडियों में फुसफुसाहट के स्वर में यहाँ-वहाँ सभी जगह गूंजने लगे । कुछ इतना अधिक कि पक्षी भ्रमित हो गए । ये सुनकर-किसने पुकारा । किसने पुकारा।

पेड़ों की ऊपरी शाखाओं के पत्ते सूरज से फुसफुसा कर यही शब्द कहने लगे-किसने पुकारा । अंधेरा मेरे इन शब्दों को मद्धिम होते स्वर में फैलाने लगा-किसने पुकारा ।

पड़ों की परछाई में से ऐसा लगता है मानो कई जोड़ी आँखें निहार रही हैं । लगता है अदृश्य लोग पेड़ों के पीछे ठिठके हुए हैं और निहार रहे हैं कि कौन पुकार रहा है । पुकारने वाला है कौन?

आँखों में आँसू लिए मैं चीख उठा-‘किसको फिकर है’ । एकाएक हवा ठहर गई । फिर नीरवता में यह चीख भी गूंजने लगी-‘किसको फिकर है’, किसको फिकर है ।’ फिर बिलख-बिलखकर रोने लगी-‘किसको फिकर है’, ‘किसको फिकर है’।

Echo Summary in English

‘Echo’ deals with a very simple human exprience, that is how does any sound echo. The speaker stood in a forest and said who called ? No sooner it was spoken than the sound returned ‘Who called ? Who called. Actually the speaker’s sound travelled through the clear open spaces in the forest. The sound ‘who called’ rang in the atmosphere. The birds were puzzled they could not locate the source of the souond. The speaker was no less buffled as to how his words were echoed back what was the object which returned his sound ?

The speaker stood in the open space of a thick forest. He imagines as if his sound went upto the leaves of the fathest branches of the trees. Those leaves seemed to pass it on to the sun. Beneath the trees the air was dark. Where he said, who called loudly, the leaves made hissing sound, the dark air carried his cry to the region not known to the speaker.

In the third stanza of the poem the poet imagines as if there were some mysterious creatures behind the rees who were looking at him but he was not able to spot them out. Perhaps his call was returned by those mysterious creatures. His simple ‘who called was mockingly returned to him in the form of ‘who called’ was called.

The speaker perhaps did not like this mocking tone. He reacted sharply and cried in his loud shrill voice who cares The wind slowed down once again his voice was reflected back and who cares, who cares ? rang throughout the forest. The speaker heard his own weeping tone.

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of Class 12 to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Bihar Board Class 12 Poem 2 Echo English Solutions in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

We believe the information shared regarding Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English Poem 2 Echo Questions and Answers as far as our knowledge is concerned is true and reliable. In case of any queries or suggestions do leave us your feedback and our team will guide you at the soonest possibility. Bookmark our site to avail latest updates on several state board Solutions at your fingertips.

Students who wish to prepare the Class 8 English can rely on the Bihar Board Class 8 English Book Solutions Chapter 12 Beat the Clock. Become perfect with the concepts of BSEB Bihar Board Class 8 English Book Solutions Chapter 12 Beat the Clock Questions and Answers score better grades in your exams. Detailed Solutions are provided to the concepts by experts keeping in mind the latest edition textbooks and syllabus.

BSEB Bihar Board Class 8 English Book Solutions Chapter 12 Beat the Clock

Ace up your preparation by referring to the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 8 English and learn all the topics within. Click on the topic you want to prepare from the Class 8 Chapter 12 Beat the Clock Questions and Answers prepare it easily. You can understand your strengths and weaknesses by practicing the Questions in Bihar Board Class 8 English Solutions PDF.

Bihar Board Class 8 English Beat the Clock Text Book Questions and Answers

A. Warmer

Question 1.
Beat the clock suggests that you finish your work before a particular time. That could also mean that you are punctual. So long as you are at school you are expected to do every thing as per the time table. Discuss, why it is important to do everything in the school according to the time table.
Answer:
Ravi: I think that with doing everything in the school according to the time table, we be come punctual.
Pranav: Yes, you’ve right. Then we have enough time to do our other works.
Rashmi: If we do any work in time, then we can do more work and in time. It helps us to grow better in life.

B. Let’s Comprehend

B. 1. Think and Tell

Answer the following questions briefly

Question 1.
How can we avoid wasting time ?
Answer:
By preparing a to-do list and keeping our table clutter-free, we can avoid wasting time.

Question 2.
Why should we keep our table clutter-free ?
Answer:
To avoid disturbances of finding things.

Question 3.
What stag should we take to do the most important things first?
Answer:
We should fix our priorities. Then, we should make a to-do list. When to do which work.

B. 2. Think and Write

B. 2. 1. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statements.

1. Rim him was able to study according to her plan.
2. There are many things that disturb us and waste our time.
3. Proper organisation and planning can help avoid wasting time.
4. It is not necessary to have separate notebooks for different subjects.
5. During study time we should avoid , talking to our friends on telephone and mobiles.
6. It saves time if we keep the study table clean and free from unwanted things.
7. We should never say “no” to our. friends.
8. Preparing a list helps us to do important things first.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. True
7. False
8. True

B. 2. 2. Answer the following questions in about’ 70 words.

Question 1.
Why couldn’t Rimjhim study as much as she wanted to do ? Have you ever faced such a situation ? What did you do?
Answer:
Rimjhim could not control herself talking to a friend on phone for a longtime. The phone call killed her lot of time. So, she could not study as she wanted to.

Yes, I have faced such situation a many times. I couldn’t save my time being spoiled. As halftime, I too had to suffer to not to study as much as I wanted to.

Question 2.
List the dos and don’ts which can help you save your time ? Do you agree with these ways ?
Answer:
Do’s that can help us save our time:

1. Keep our table clutter – free or neatly.
2. Avoid phone calls during study time.
3. Being in control of our time.
4. Fix separate notebooks for different subjects.
5. Study according to our plan.
6. Proper organisation and planning of work to be done.

Don’ts – to help us save our time:

1. Don’t spoil your time.
2. Don’t do phone calls during study.
3. Don’t receive phone calls during tasks.
4. Don’t talk to your folks during work.
5. Don’t chat with your servants while studying.

Question 3.
Telephone and mobile often waste our time. List some of the ways in which we can use them properly.
Answer:
Telephone and mobile often waste our costly time. We should use them properly. During our study time we must not attend our phone calls. We should fix time for phone calls. If very necessary, we should talk only important things while on tasks. We should tell the caller to call later after the study time. Or we should self phone to them but after studies.

Question 4.
How does a chart/list of things f o be done help us use time properly ? Discuss.
Answer:
A chart or list of things fix our mind to do things in’ their important order. Before starting our studies our mind is clutter free about what to do first and what to do next. Priorities have been fixed only while preparing a chart or a list. If helps us to do our work smoother, faster and with a clear status of mind. We are then in no confusion.

C. Word Study

C. 1. Encircle the words with wrong spellings and correct them:

(sistam, marathon ,grammer, writing, necessary, particular, different, debris, inturupt, crazy, shuttle, trevial)
Answer:
Wrong spell words – Correct spell words

1. Sistem – system
2. Intrupt – Interrupt
3. Grammer – Grammar
4. Trevial – Trivial

C. 2. Read the lesson again and pick out the synonyms of the following words, and write them down in the space given below:

(anxiety, discipline, correct, tidily, assist, afterwards, plead, strong, certainly, insignificant )
Answer:

Words Synonyms from the lesson

1. anxiety – worry
2. discipline – control
3. correct – right’
4. tidily -neatly
5. assist – help .
6. afterwards – later
7. plead – request
8. strong – firm
9. certainly – surely
10. insignificant – trivial

C. 3. Use the following phrasal verbs from the text you have just studied iq your own sentences: sat down takeover Makeup call up speak over
Answer:
Phrasal verbs: Use m sentences

1. Sat down (to talcing rest) – Asthey were tired, they sat down for some time to take rest.
2. Take over (to win/snatch) – He took over his things ‘ forcely.
3. Take up (to pick or to choose) – He took up to become a doctor.
4. Call up (to contact on phone) – I ted to call him up in no time.
5. Speak over (talk on) – He ted to speak over the matter publicly.

C. 4. There are many compound words used in the text Here are two of them
Notepad, homework
Pick two more compound words from the lesson. Add ten more such compound words to the list. What do these compound words consist of I For example, notepad consists of note + pad (n + n). Analysethe compoundword in the same way. the list in
Answer:

• Dinnertime – Dinner + time (n + n)
• Bed time – Bed + time (n + n)
• Time wasters – Time + wasters (n + adj)
• Notebook – Note + book , (n + n)
• Text book – Text + book (a + n)
• Lunchtime – Lunch + time (n + n)
• Pencil box – Pencil + box (a + n)
• Lunch box – Lunch + box (n + n)
• Shoe brush – Shoe + brush (a + h)
• Child care – Child + care (n + v)
• Life time – Life + time (n + n)
• Every time – Every + time (adv + n)
• Something – Some + thing (adj + n)
• Peak time – Peak + time (n+n)
• Extra.ordinary – Extra + ordinary (adj+adj)

D. Grammar

D. 1 . Read the following sentences carefully.

1. Try to keep your study table clutter free.
2. Be firm about not letting other things interrupt you.
3. Prioritise your tasks.

All the sentences given above begin With Verbs (Try, Be, Prioritise). So thesar sentences are imperative sentences. An Imperative sentence is a sentence which conveys an advice/ order/command/request etc. and it begins with a verb. In such a sentence, the subject (you) is site and understood.

D. 2. Change the following imperative sentences into state-mats with an object pronoun plus an infinitive.

Example : The mother says to her daughter, “Close the

Question 1.
The teacher says to her students. “Write an essay”.
She wants………..
Answer:
She wants them to write an essay.

Question 2.
The mother says to her children, “Turn off the T.V.”
She wants …………
Answer:
She wants them to turn off the. T.V.

Question 3.
The father says to his son, “Don’t come home tee”.
He doesn’t want ………..
Answer:
He doesn’t want him to come home late.

Question 4.
The father says to his children, “Study hard”.
He encourages ………..
Answer:
He encourages them to study hard.

Question 5.
The teacher said to the girl; “Read good story books”.
He advised …………..
Answer:
He advised her to read good story books.

Question 6.
The student said to the teacher, “Repeat the wad please”.
The student wanted ……………..
Answer:
The student wanted him to repeat the word.

Question 7.
I said to my sister, “Help me on sunday
I would like ……………
Answer:
I would like her to help me on Sunday

D. 3. Modals

All the auxiliary verbs except be, do and have are called modals. Unlike other auxiliary verbs modals only exist in their helping form; they cannot act alone as the-main verb in a sentence. They are verbs which ‘help’ other verbs to express a meaning : it is important to realise that “modal verbs” have no meaning by thetnselves. A modal verb such as would bus several varying functions; it can be used, for example, to help verbs express ideas about the past, the present and the future. It is therefore wrong to simply believe that”would is the past of ter : it is many other things.

The modals auxiliaries are : can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, oughtto.

Aniket should learn English.

She might win a prize.

Use a base form of the verb after a modal.

He should leave now. (NOT : should to leave; NOT : should leaving)

Modals never have an -s/-es, -ed, or -ing ending.
She can speak English well. (NOT : She cans)

Don’t use two modals together.
You will have to go to school. (NOT : You will mist go to school.)

I might have to leave early. (NOTE: I might must leave early.)

Compare affirmatives, negatives and questions with modals :

Affirmative : Anuj can speak Tamil.
Negative : Anuj can’t speak Tamil.
Yes/No Question : Can Anuj speak English ?
Short answer; Yes, he can/No, he can’t.
WH-Question: Why can’t Anuj speak Tamil ?
Subject question ; Who can speak Tamil ?

To express an obligation or necessity for an action in the present of the future we can use must or have to. There is a difference in meaning.

(a) Must is used when the authority comes from the speaker.
You must eat vegetables and fruits. I insist.

(b) Have to is used when the authority comes from outside the speaker.
You have to eat vegetables and fruits. The doctor said you need more vitamins.
Must does not have a.past, a future or non-finite forms (infinitiving or participles) so it can not we used in tenses or constructions that require those forms Inastead we have to use have to. Have to can be used in present, past afid future tenses.

I can’t talk to you now, I have to go to school.
Anuj had to go to his village to see his ailing mother.
The rainy season has arrived, I will have to buy an umbrella.

D. 3. 1. Complete the following sentences with appropriate modals.

1. We ______ visit them in Birmingham for the summer holidays.
2. I ______ leave now as they are waiting for me.
3. You ______ brush your teeth after breakfast.
4. We ______ leave very early tomorrow or we will be late.
5. All of us ______ attend a meeting now.
6. You look tired. You ______ go to bed now.
7. You ______ touch burning items.
8. You ______ drive too fast in the city.
9. They ______ go out later when the weather improves.
10. She ______ been asleep when the burglar entered the house.
11. We ______ do the training in order to be eligible.
12. You are coughing loudly. You ______ see a doctor.
13. He ______ see the doctor every month to treat his skin disorder.
14. The police think he ______ seen the robbery and are looking for him.
15. Students ______ leave the classroom before the ring bells.
16. ______ you pass my pencil to me ?
17. You ______ talk aloud in the library.
18. I ______ seen my parents fora long while. I visit them at the weekend.
19. If you don’t start working harder, you ______ repeat the course next year.
20. I have no time. I ______ leave now or I ______ miss the bus.
21. I ______ wish I buy a new mobile phone but I don’t have enough money.
22. ______ I go to bathroom, please ?
23. Ganesha is not at home. She ______ have gone to Patna, I don’t know.
24. Anita ______ play cricket quite well.
25. ______ we go out tonight, please ? Yes, but you be late.
26. I haven’t decided yet where I ______ go in my next hoildays. I think I go to Sikkim.
27. What do you Want to do ? Well, we ______ have a picnic, but it looks like rain.
28. Phone her now. She ______ home by now.
29.  ______ you water my plants while I am away ? If they don’t get enough water they certainly die.
30. We ______ pay the fees at the fixed time.
31. You ______ clean your room more often.
32. If it rains on Saturday, we ______ go to the beach.
33. ______ you speak Bengali ? No. 1. ______
34.  According to the forecast on the TV, it ______ rain tomorrow.
35.  ______ you help me move this table ?
36. You ______ remember to do your homework ?
37. This ______ be a great idea, but it’s definitely not !
38. I ______ move the table. It w-as too heavy.
39. I have lost my pen. I ______ to buy a new pen.

Answer:

1. would
2. should
3. should
4. will
5. should
6. may
7. shouldn’t
8. should not
9. might
10. might have
11. should
12. must
13. should
14. might have
15. should
16. well
17. shouldn’t
18. haven’t, should
19. might
20. should, might
21. would
22. may
23. might
24. can
25. mi-gm. shouldn’t
26. would, should
27. would
28. would be
29. could, would
30. should
31. must
32. would
33. can, can’t
34. might
35. could
36. must
37. might
38. couldn’t
39. ought.

E. Let’s Talk

Question 1.
Work in groups and talk about the things that waste your time. Then make a list and share with other groups. AILS.
Answer:
Priyanka : To watch many T.V. programmes wastes our time.
Amar: Talking with friends wastes our time.
Ginni: Gossip wastes too much of our time.
Ankit: Chatting with friends too wastes our lots of time.
Amrit: Talking on phone with friends waste our lots of time.
Samriddhi: Shopping and roaming over too wastes our expensive time.

F. Composition

Question 1.
Prepare a chart of ‘Do’s and ‘Don’ts for ‘Saving Your Study Time’,

Answer:
For ‘Saving our study-time’.

Do’s:

1. To fix our priorities.
2. To make a to do chart,
3. Make our table clutter-free.
4. Plan our studies
5. To write notes in our right notebooks.
6. Keep our notes neat and leave space for extra notes to be written.
7. To chart a system for our notes, homework etc.
8. Write notes in the right note book.

Don’ts:

1. We should not keep our study table crowded with all the new and old things.
2. We should not attend phone calls during our studies.
3. We should not keep out; table cluttered.
4. Between studies we should not chatter with our folks.
5. We shouldn’t write in any note book but keep sea-rate note books for separate subjects.

G. Translation

Question 1.
हमें अनुशासनबद्ध होना चाहिए । समयबद्धता भी अनुशासन का ही एक प्रकार है। समय को बर्बाद करने का अर्थ है – खुद को बर्बाद करना । इसलिए हमें समय को बर्बाद नहीं करना चाहिए । समयबद्ध इन्सान ही सफलता प्राप्त करता है।
Answer:
We should be disciplined. Puncuality is also a kind of discipline. To spoil the time means to spoil ourselves. So, we should not spoil the time. Punctual person can only succeed.

H. Activities

Question 1.
Often you’ll find yourself overstocked with work, most of the time you don’t even know w here to begin. What you have to do, to actually get some work done, is to organise yourself and schedule your work for the day. Write dow n oh a sheet of paper what you believe are the core tasks you need to finish today and afterwards. Expand the list with subtasks and other miscellaneous things.
Answer:
To avoid confusion, I will fix my priorities. I will make a to do chart or list. What to do first and what to do next. If I don’t feel in right mood to do the first thing, I will do the second or third thing, then I will move for the top priority. Doing the main task 1 will go for other things. Then I will do my subtasks and other miscellaneous things. I won’t chat or talk to a friend in friend in between my studies.

Beat the Clock Summary in English

There are many things which wastes our time. Phone calls are one of them. We should fix a time for phone calls or should not be engaged on phone during our tasks or study time. An, other thing to avoid wasting time is to keep our things neatly and properly. We should make a to do list and fix our priorities. We should also keep our table free from old things and keep our things on some fixed place

Beat the Clock Summary in Hindi

कई चीजें हैं जो हमारा समय बर्बाद करते हैं। फोन करना या किसी के फोन का आना भी उनमें से एक है। हमें फोन करने या किसी से फोन पर बातें करने का एक समय निश्चित कर लेना चाहिए या फिर यह तय कर लें कि पढ़ाई के समय, महत्वपूर्ण कार्य के दौरान फोन प्राप्त न करें। इस सम्बन्ध में अपने मित्रों को भी सूचित कर दें और काम खत्म होने के बाद उन्हें फोन कर लें। अपने पढ़ने के टेबुल को साफ-सुथरा रखें । उस पर पुरानी या व्यर्थ की चीजें न रखें। साथ ही अपनी चीजों को एक निश्चित स्थान पर रखें तो समय बर्बाद होने से बचता है।

Beat the Clock Hindi Translation of The Chapter

Assured (v) [एश्योर्ड) = आश्वस्त किया । Worry (v) [वरी] = चिन्ता करना । Piece of cake (phr) [पीस ऑफ केक] = बेहद आसान-सा काम । Marathon (adj) [मैराथन] = बेहद लम्बा । Yap (v) [यैप] = जोरों से बातें करना । Realise (v) [रियलाइज] = महसूस करना | Down the drain (phr) डाउन द ड्रेन) = बर्बाद हो जाना, नष्ट हो जाना । Finally (adv)[फाइनली] %D आखिरी तौर पर, अन्ततः I Already (adv)|ऑलरेडी) = पहिले से। Bitten (v) [बिटेन] = परेशान होना या बुरी तरह से प्रभावित होना । Time-wasting bug (phrjटाइम-वेस्टींग बग] = समय को बर्बाद करने की आदत | Take charge of (phr)[टेक चार्ज ऑफ] = किसी चीज की जिम्मेदारी लेना। Time-wasters (adj) [टाइम वेस्टर्स) = समय बर्बाद करने वाले 

Take over (phr) [टेक ओवर = जीत हासिल करना । To control (v).[ट कन्ट्रोल) = नियंत्रण करना । Proper (adj) [प्रॉपर) = उचित | Organisation (n) ऑरगेनाइजेशन] = संगठन । Planning (n) [प्लानिंग] = योजना  Avold (v) [अवायड] – परहेज करना, दूरी बनाए रखना । To chart (v) [टू चार्ट] = सूची बनाना । System (n) [सिस्टम) = व्यवस्था । Unless (conj) [अनलेस) = अन्यथा, नहीं तो । To Set (v) [टू सेट] = निश्चित कर लेना । Chore (n) (कोर) = नित्य कर्म | Folks (n) (फोक्स) = करीबी लोग, परिवार के सदस्यगण एवं मित्र लोग । Caller (n) |कॉलर) = फोन करने वाला । Upset (adj) [अपसेट) = खिन्न, नाराज, नाखुश । Clutter-free (adj) [क्लटर फ्री| – अस्त व्यस्त करने वाली चीजों से दूर होना । Fixed (adj) फिक्सड] = निश्चित, तय । Rummaging (m) [रूमेजिंग) = अनावश्यक वस्तुओं को ढूँढ़ने में होने वाली परेशानी । Firm (adj) [फर्म) = दृढ़, निश्चित । Interrupt (v) [इन्टेरप्ट] = बाधा डालना । Thought (n)[थॉट] = विचार । Distracting (v)[डिस्ट्रैक्टिंग) = ध्यान बंटाना । Prioritise (v) [पायरिटाइज] = अपनी प्राथमिकताएँ तय करना । Particular (adj). [पर्टिकुल। खास Instead (adv)| इन्स्टेड) = अन्यथा । Battling (v)

वैटलिंग) = लड़ना । Elsewhere (adv) [एल्सवेयर) = कहीं और । Spend (v)[स्पेन्ड] = बिताना । Trivial (adj) |ट्रिविअल) = तुच्छ चीजें, महत्वहीन । Tend to (phr) टेन्ड टू  साबित होना ।

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Bihar Board Class 9 English Essay Writing

1. The most enjoyable month of the year

There are twelve months in a year. Each month has its own charms. Different people like different months. Everybody has his own likes and dislikes, but we can consider March to be the most enjoyable month of the year. Most of the people love this month.

The month of March brings beautiful sights and sounds. The earth looks lovely during this month. The trees put forth tender leaves. Different kinds of beautiful flowers bloom during this month. When we walk in a garden, we are charmed by the dizzling coloours and sweet scent of flowers. The lovely roses enchant us. The bees fly from one flower to another in search of money. They butterflies with their multicoloured wings catch that fancy of children.

The earth wears a green garment during this month. The com fields offer a feast of joy. We can feast our eyes on the yellow flowers of mustard fluttering in the breeze. The ears of wheat swaying in the wind fill the peasants with joy.

The month of March brings the enchanting notes of the cuckoo. It seems that the cuckoo is mad with joy. We can hear the sweet songs of other birds in the early morning.

The days of March are very pleasant. This month is neither too hot nor too cold. It is good for health.

I like the month of March most, because it offers beautiful scenes. We have neither the bitting cold of winter not the scorching sun of summer during this month. It brings the Holi festival which provides a lot of joy and fun.

March is such a delightful month that if makes us forget our cares and anxieties, its beauties and charms make it the most enjoyable month of the year. We await its arrival eagerly.

2. Science-friend or enemy ?

Science is never a curse, rather it is a good blessing. Some persons call it a curse. I don’t agree with them. It is the people who use it in different ways. Here science is not at fault. Bombs, atom bombs and atomic energies were not invented for wars of for the people the bombarded. Planes were not invented to carry the wapons for war.

Today is the era of Science. We can’t do without it. Science is our life. In every walk of life, we need science. A peasant has to apply the methods of science for his agricultural purpsoe. Then he will get good result. Electricity, railways, cars, and planes are the gifts of science.

Electricity gives us light and water. Both are essential for us. Water is our life. We sit under electric fan; and work smoothly. We travel by trains, cars and planes and finish our work in no time. The time is past, when we covered our journey on foot. The country which is scientifically developed in certainly a developed country. If we lag behind in science, we must lag behind in other things also.

3. World peace

All the world over people crave for peace. The leaders and politicians of the world are trying to achieve world peace. But many difficulties come in the way. There is fear and suspician among nations Russia suspects the motives of America. America likewise does not trust Russia, Pakistan, Says that it is afraid of India. That is why she is arming herself with the latest weapons. Some countries are very much advanced in science. Their economic conditions is far superior to that of others such countries want to dominate weaker countries. They exploit them. This creates tension and other conflicts break out here and there.

While peace has been established in Vietnam, the middle east is still the danger spot of the world. India and Pakistan are still not on friendly terms. Local wars in these areas can military pacts also come in the way of world peace. Some countries want to capture the markets of the world for their trade. The possibilities of world war are thus increased and these of peace minimized. A art from this, there is the question of black and white. The white people hate ‘black’ men. This hatred creates difficulties in the way of the establishment of peace.

It is said that the choice of the people is the voice of good. Now here in the world people want war. Jhey are fed up with it. The desire for peace is supreme in their hearts. So, ways and means must be found for preserving world peace. Following ways may be suggested to ensure everlasting peace in the world.

First, there must be disarmament. Powerful countries should give up the race of arming themselves and their friendly countries to the teeth. The manufacture of deadly weapons should be stopped. This will create a feeling of security. There will be faith instead of suspician among the various countries of the world.

Secondly, big countries should not only accept the principles of ‘panchsheela in theory’, but should follow them strictly in practice. These are the five principles of international conduct given to the world by our late Prime Minister Nehru, world peace can be secured only by their observance in practice.

Thirdly, peace can be established only if the U.N.O. is allowed to work smoothly. kAlI the nations of the world must respect its decisions. Problems should be solved amicably through this agency.

The density of the world rests in the hands of its leaders. They should unite of achieve this aim. The power of science should be used for human welfare alone. Scientists should put a check on its use for destructive purpose. The people and the politicians should unit and work for world peace.

4. Towards a new social order

Social order means a pattern of economy in which the disparties between the ‘haves’ and ‘have nots’ are reduced to a minimum. It means levelling up of the poof, and the adoption of measures for preventing the concentration of wealth in the hands of a new.

There are two methods for bringing about such a pattern. First, force can be used as in done in communist countries. Secondly, by persuasion people can be won over to accept this pattern. India has accepted a democratic form of Government. So, force cannot be used. Our socialistic pattern cannot be of the communistic type. Over country can have only democratic socialism. Democracy and socialism are not opposed to each other. They can both go hand in hand. In such a society, there will be socialism as well as individual liberty. It is practically quite sound. Such a pattern combines the virtues both of democracy and socialism.

Furthermore, the village panchayats should be given executive and financial powers. They should be formed through elections. So, the administration will be decentralised. This will bring self-government to the rural areas. The government would only guide them from a distance. It will not interfere with their day today-working. We are happy to not that the government is already taking urgent steps in this direction. Now, under a law, electrons to the village Panchayats are to be held regularly. They will not be allowed to remain dissolved or supersceded.

We can safely conclude from the above account that the success of the socialistic pattern would depend on two things, on the one hand, upon the success of the Panchayati Raj and on the other, on co-operative farming in recent times, the life of the nation has been disturbed by frequent outbursts of violence. This comes in the way of democratic socialism. It must be put down. Corruption and the lack of a sense of responsibility on the part of the government officers are other serious obstacles in the way. Honest and sincere workers are needed to make socialism a reality.

Despite all this, the country has been marching on the road to socialism. Under the leadership of late Mrs. Gandhi, our beloved Prime Minister, the country took rapid steps towards Socialism Banks were nationalised. Privy Purses were abolished. Coal mines were taken over by the Government and State trading in food grain. Now there is stress on the development of cottage industries. Everything possible is being done for the weaker sections of society.

India is well set on the road to socialism dispite the present stress on privatisation and the crucial role that has been chalked out for multinationals.

5. Qualities of an ideal student

An ideal student has several qualities. He makes the best use of student industries. Everything possible is being done for the weaker sections of society. India is well set on the road to socialism dispite the present stress on privatisation and the crucial role that has been chalked out for multinationals.

life. His aim is not confined to studies and passing the examination only. For him, these things are not the be-all and end-all. He is polite and courteous to one and all. He cultivates good manner and habits. He is hard-working, honest and sympathetic.

An ideal student possesses a keen sense of duty and responsibility. He is regular and punctual. He is obedient to his teachers and elders. He is guided by them. He is not wayward. He keeps himself off shave bad company. He is laborious and for him labour is a great virtue. Even genius is ten percent inspiration and ninety percent perspiration.

An ideal student is peace-loving. He is free from the feeling of caste, creed and communalism. He preaches love and unity. He aims at national prosperity. He is considerate and reasonable. He is a great lover of truth. He has a thirst for knowledge and learning. Dignity, discipline, self-control, constructive organisation and self-restraint are his watchwords. He is virtuous and mentally and bodily firm and strong. He is tolerant and free from prejudices.

During his holidays and leisure hours, he educates his illiterate people. He thinks that it is his sacred duty to improve the social, culutural and economic life of the country. He is the champion of every human right. Nothing can disappoint him. He thinks, decides and acts. He always tries to attain perfection in all walks of life. Such is an ideal student.

6. Vocational education

Above thousands of B.A.’s and M.A.’s are turned every year out of the universities of our country. They run after petty jobs. But all of them do not even get such low paid services. As a result, the problem of unemployment daily grows more acute. Besides having these defects, the present system of education is providing harmful in other ways also. It is quite unsuitable for the needs of modem India.

Our country is quite rich in natural resources. But still our people are very poor. We do not know how to make the best use of our natural gifts. We do not have enough youngmen properly trained to exploit these resources. Only technical and vocational education can gives expert engineers, technicians and mechanics. They are needed in large number in our country. So there’is great need of such education.

Large number of educated young men today are fit only for office work. This increasing number of educated young men every year makes the problem of unemployment very serious. If, during their education period, they are taught to do so many things with their own hands, many of them will not like to enter service. It is necessary, therefore, that young men should be trained in different vocations of their choice. This will enable them to start their own business. They will become independent workers. They will no longer run after petty jobs. The problem of unemployment will be solved.

This is the age of large scale industries. Large factories are necessary for economic development. We cannot make much progress in the industrial field without a sufficient number of technically trained hands. Without efficient and trained experts we can not complete with other countries. For rapid industrialization. Of the country, more and more young men must be given technical education. It is the need of the hour. We can not ignore it.

It is a happy sign that the government is fully alive to this problem since independence many technical and vocational institutions have been established throught the country. There is a net-work of medical colleges, Engineering institutions and agricultural colleges. There are also Industrial Training Institute for those who has passed only Junior High School or Higher Secondary Examinations. However, technical education alone cannot solve the problem of unemployment. Family planning and population control are also a must for the purpose.

7. Environmental pollution

The fight against the pollution menace has been on since time immemorial. The magnitude of the entertaining problem was less alarming in the earlier times and its solution were also less sophisticated. Even Ashoka the great, put premium on the protection of animals and plants. The world to¬day is full of terrible prof £m of pollution. We cannot put the clock back and we cannot hark back to simplistic natural state. Technology has made a foray into our life. We must have defence mechanism against alarming pollution which threatens the extinction of human lives.

The governme it is out to minimise the effect of industrial pollution. The thrust of the anti-p dilution on compaign should be to force industries to adopt modem scier iific modes to bring down to the minimum the toxity of industrial wastes. To contain the escalating pollution legal compulsions coupled with restrictions must be restored to. Acts for monitoring pollution levels in varied ecospheres have started functioning with a tremendous success in developed states.

The third measure should be innitiated to entrap hazardous discharges or the emitting smoke from factories and to neutralise them by filters and absorbers. The accessory plants must be set up to convert toxic by produpts into sustances of utilitarian import. The pollution has resulted from deforestation of solution to the vexing problem of air pollution are to be met in the forms of afforestation. Nature has furnished us with a solution to be problem of oxygen deficiency in the ambience in the process of photosynthesis of plants. Hence planting of trees is a remendy to air pollution.

Now in school and colleges the environmental study has been made the regular subject for studies. The programmes are being launched to combat this hydra headed monster of pollution. There must be an awareness for the preservation of nature. This awareness will be our shield against pollution.

Thus plant trees and save the earth is the clarion call of environmentalists.

8. Cultural activities in india

India is a vast country. There are people of different religions and castes. The caste system in India is its peculiarity. In no other country of the world is this peculiarity found. The majority of the people in India are Hindus. The second large population in India into the Muslims. Both these communities have been livings in this country for centuries. Besides Muslims, there are Parsis, Sikhs, Jains, Christians and Buddhists in our country.

All these different communities have their own different cultural activities. The cultural activities of the Hindus and the Muslims are entirely different. The Muslims differ from Hindus in many ways. The food and dress habits of both the communities are poles apart. The Hindus are idol worshippers, where as the Muslims do not believe in idols. On account of this difference in the religion their cultural activities are quite different. The marriage and death ceremony of both the communities is different from each other. In our country there is democracy. We have a written constitution. The constitution gives equal light to each community.

Each community has fundamental right to follow and propagate its own religion and do cultural activits. Even among Hindu there is some cultural difference due to caste system. Those who are scheduled caste have their different cultural activities from those of upper castes. There is diversity in cultural activities in India. But even the, on the whole, India has a housogenous culture. There is unity in diversity. Sometimes the cultural activities lead to quarrel between two communities, mostly Hindus and Muslims. It is due to lack of humanitarien outlook among the people. The cultural activities performed by any community give it imputs to unite together. They have their own clubs and associations where they meet together and discuss their common problems and find out the solutions.

9. The scientist you like most

It is the scientists who have shered in modem civilization. Francis Bacan is called the father of modem science. The scientists from Bacan to Einstein have made great custribution to the march of civilization in the world. All of them are worthy of love respect. Among the scientists of the world Galileo has a remarkable place. No scientist of the world had to suffer for his scientisfic thinking. Galileo is the only scientist who had to suffer for his scientific thinking. It was who proved that the earth is round and moves round the sun. It was.if Gopemiches who said that the earth is round, but he had not proved, her idea. It was Galileo of Italy who proved by demonstration that the earth is round and moves round the sun. At the time of Galileo everybody believed that the earth is stand still.

The catholic church in Italy had great influence on the idea of the common people. The state itself was under the grip of church. No body could think of going against the idea of the church people. But Galileo was a fearless man who gave the idea in opposition to general belong. He was put into the prison for his new and revolutionary idea that the earth is round. It required great courage to say something which was opposite to what the church belived. Since Galileo had to suffer for his belief his sacrifices are greater than anybody else’s. That’s why I like Galileo who not only contributed to the advance of scientific thinking but also showed great courage.

10. Terrorism

Terrorism has become a burning question in the country. Many innocent men, women and children have been mercilessly massacred by the tourists. A few years back Punjab was much affected by terrorist violence. Some people of the Punjab were demanding the creation of Khalistan on the ground of religion. They wanted to scede from India and have their own nation like Pakistan. The menance of terrorism remained for about ten years in the Punjab. But with the help of the local lagal people. The government of the state as well as the centre became able to curl this menace and now there is no problem of terrorism there.

After the Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir has come under the grip of terrorism during the last ten years or so violence in Jammu and Kashmir is much more aggressive than that of the Punjab. Terrorism is Jammu and Kashmir is motivated guided and financially asserted by Pakistan. That’s why to curl the terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir is a heard nut to crack. The whole country has become the target of terrorist violence. In recent time the attack on Jammu and Kashmir assembly in October, 2001.

The attack on Parliament on 13th december on 2001 and the attack on American centre in Kolkata Jan. 2002 are the gearing example of aggressiveness of terrorism in India. Terrorists are cowardly people who shed innocent blood. Their terroristic activities are universally condemned. Due to terrorism in Kashmir many Hindus who are a minority community in Jammu and Kashmir are living in Delhi like refuges. From time to time Hindus become victims of terrorist violences in Jammu and Kashmir.

Terrorism is not only a national problem but also an international problem. Even the mightist power of the world. U.S.A become a victim of terrorist attack on the world trade centre and Pentagon on 11th Sept. 2001. The American government reacted violently against the attack on their looked Trade Centre and Pentagon and the vowed to uproot terrorism from the world. They attacked Taliban Government in Afganistan and forced it to quit.

11. Advantages of village life

India is a counry of villages where about eighty percent of the people live. There is great difference between city life and village life. In the village lilfe we have many advantages which are not available in a city. The 1st advantage of village life is that there peaceful atmosphere in a village. The din and fustla of a city is not found in a village. The village in entirely free from noise pollution. In a village we do not loud speakers blowing out music day in and day out. The noise of cars and fuses playing in the city is absent in a village. Here the sun set ends the day and the sun rise begins the day. At night there is silence of a churchyard in the village. The pollution spread by times generated by Auto mobiles in not found in a village. The 2nd advantage of a village life is that there is social compactness in a village.

The social circle in narrow. Therefore every day is almost known to everyday In a city the social life is not compact. We live like strangers in city where as in a village we live like-family members. At the time of any emergency the village people come together to face the situation unitedly. If any five breaks out the village people rush to the place with full devotion. There is personal contact with one another. The 3rd advantage of a village life is that the cast of living is not high. Even a poor man can happily life minimum of ameneties of a city life. From hygienic point of view a village life is an ideal one. These is little chance of breaking out of any epidemia. Though there is no menuscepality or corporation of a city in a village we do not have stinking garbage filled up like in a city.

At the time of need people come forward to help one another. In a village people live a life of peace and happiness.

12. The pleasures of reading

The objects of pleasure vary form man to man. Every body has his own object of pleasure. Somebody gets pleasure from idle gossip. Some others take pleasure from playing. There are many persons who see films for pleasure. Those who are interested aristic things take pleasure music and dance. So, objects of pleasures are variable. Among all the objects of pleasure we can count the pleasure are variable.

Among all objects of plesure we can count the pleasure of reading also. It is an intellectual pleasure. If you play a game, there is no mental labour in it. It you see a film or listen to a sweet song, there is no mental pressure. Among all the pleasures the pleasure of reading is most intellectual. Reading not only gives us entertainment, it also gives us mental enrichment. It widens the horizon of our mind. No pleasure is so wide deep, insructive and entertaining music soothes us by sweet sound.

It does not enrich our mind. ‘To see a film is purely an entertainment. It too does not enrich our mind. Playing a game eitehr indoor or outdoor does give us any knowledge. It is purely entertaining. But reading enriches out mind. Through reading we get command over language we learn the language besides entertainment. It gives us knowledge of many subjects. Some of us have some special subject for reading. Reading makes them mentally perfect.

The knowledge of any subject whether also or science can be achieved only through reading. Therefore, not all of us take pleasure in reding because nature has not endowed them with this gift. Those who are endowed with this gift are really lucky and special people. They are definely surprecies people to other who are not lucky to have this gift of nature. A great English writer has said this reading makes a full man. Without the gift of reading no man can be a full man.

13. Animals in captivity

Only a few persons are careful about the life of an animal, specially domestic animal. Most of us are insensitive towards dumb and helpless animals people are generally cruel towards even domestic animals. Animals are mercilessly beaten and killed. Only a few-people are kind towards dumb animals. The true followers of Buddhism and Jainism are very kind towards animals. They do not believe in any kind of vilence.

They are very sensitive about cruelty to animals. They are about even the insignificant creature like ants. These peace loving and non-violent people cannot see any cruelty towards animals. Many people take innocent pleasure in confinging an animal in a cage. Wild animals are victims of captivity. People confine them in a cage because the wild animals are dangerous to man. They cannot be allowed to move around freely becaue they are harmful to society. So they are kept in captivity. There is some justification to keep them in captivity because they are dangerous. But to keep a harmless creature in confinement is certainly in human and injustice to animals.

People should be made aware of this injustice to the harmless animals. This can be done through education about it. Though there is some law against cruelty towards animals, they are still victims of cruelty because most of the people are insensitive towards cruelty. Those who are kind hearted are rare in the society. Even wild animal should be treated with kindness, though they are harmful to man. Nature has made them wild. It is not their fault if they kill human beings. They hence no mental faculty like human being to judge their own action. So, even wild animals have natural right to get human sympathy. There is a need of general awareness about capiivity of animals. Only laws made about it cannot solve the problems.

14. An important day in my life

Every body has some important day in his life when he feels very happy and fortunate. Importance of a day depends on its fruitfulness for life. If the day brings happiness in life, it is certainly an important day. In my life also a day came which brought me success in life. All my ambitions are related to this importent day. It was the day of my success at the M.A. examination in English. It opened the door to my success in life and fulfilment of my dreams. That is why it is imporant for me. If I had not passed this examination, would not have fulfilled my ambitions of life. I had great ambition of become lecturer in English and go to England for further advancement in life. I was bom in a poor family. The ambition of going to England was like a dream for me because it required a lot of money for going abroad.

A poor man could not think of going abroad, but I had this dream, After passing the M.A. examination in English. I became a lecturer in English in a degree college. My income though this job was handsome. I started growing money for going abroad my dream of going abrod was fulfilled after a pretty long time. There were many handless financial and otherwise but I overcame all the handles and the dream of my early age of by hard came true. It was really a dream for me in the beginning when the idea of going abroad came into my mind. Every body of us sees dream and has some ambition their in her life. But all are not successful in fulfilling their dreams. Their dreams remain dreams for ever. But in my care. I was very lucky to get the dream fulfilled.

The day of may result of the M.A. examination was very very important for me I can nerve target this day throughout my life. Another date or day was so important as this day. It changed the whole picture of my life. I got respect, Prestige money and social recognition only because of this lucky and important day. The day which brings happiness of life is realy an important day. In one’s life there may be many days which can be regarded as important. But of all the important days that day is most important which brings the highest degree of happiness. This highest degree of happiness was on that day when I passed my M.A. exam, in English with flying colours.

15. Street hawkers

Street hawkers are those who walk about from street to street to sell their goods. They are not fixed to any place. These are very poor people. They cannot leep a fixed shop. They are found to move from street to street on account of their poverty. These people are men of physical stamina. Some street hawkers cavity their goods as their backs. It is really very difficults for then to carry a big load on their backs. They do not get tired of their work. They are instinct with hope and determination. They go from door to door to sell their goods.

Through this hawking they get acquired with many people. Since they have no fixed place, they need not spend any money on rent for a ship. In this way they save money through they do not each much because of small amount of capital, they are able to maintain themselves with dignity and selfrespect. There street hawkers of the low income group of society. They are men of small means. They strike personal friendship with some of the custoemr’s because of frequent contact with them. Those have to move on foot because the very nature of such type of work requires no conveyance. In every town or city there hawkers are found. They have to give a small amount of money as tax to the local body such as municipality or corporation.

Even in villages can find some hawkers, but in village they have nothing up pay as local tax. Their goods are also cheaper than those if the ships which are situated at a fixed place. These hawkers attract the attention of the people because their goods are cheaper. Moreover, they go to the door of the customer’s themselves. Therefore, it is convenient for the customers also. They need not go to a distant shop in the market. In this way the streets hawkers save the time of their customers. Though the hawkers have no variety of goods with them, people like to purchase from the street hawkers because of cheapness of the goods.

This is an avagre for the customers as well as the hawkers. They are able to sell their goods because of cheapness of the goods. People have the avantage of getting their goods sold without any hurdle. Therefore on the whole the business of hawkering goods from door to door is profitable. With small amount of money poor men can maintain themselves without much anxiety.

16. The value of books

Books are not a mere luxury or a superfluity of civilization; they do what men of action cannot do. They are a complelling force to make humanity feel its oneness. Folk-tale, folk-love, folk-songs have done as much for man king as the great religious or the great leaders of humanity. A book is the life blood of a man, preserved for a life beyond life, as Milton says.

To say that only noisily trumpeted men in history make civilization is an unpardonable blunder. Civilization is very largely made of anonymous forces.

A book like the Gitanjali is not a political treatise. The Ramanayan, and the Mahabharata are not political treaties. Poetry, great fiction, painting, music and dance, architecture and the little nameless unremembered acts are the best portions of a man’s life and not the noisier parts of life. They do not celebrate such names as Gandhi and Lenin. Yet they are the breath of civilization. The world can do without great men but it cannot do without great books. The great German thinker Geothe said that a word was a dead.

The Sanskrit word mantra means a world changing force. Bankim Chandra Chaerjee’s poem entitled Bande Matram has made history. The Bible and the Holy Koran are nothing but books but they have made history. Books are not merely sheets of printed paper. The novels of Dickens, the books entitled ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin’, Marx’s ‘Capital’ and a hundred other books revolutionized human history.

For more valuable and important are the other services rendered by books. The value and the joy of understanding, the richness of thought, the joy of knowledge, a heightened awareness, of nature and life which books give cannot be give by any political leader. Books are not mere fashionable respectability, they are a force in life.

Books are as great a force in civilization as political leadership, political creeds, scientific and technological forces or any other noise of the moment. They are the persistent and the all conquering forces of history. This is true even of those books which are apparently aimless and purposeless. Life is no’ all Marxism and Leninism or Maoism. Humanism is greater than communism No single school of thought can give us the whole of humanism. Let thousand flowers blossom and let there be a countless variety of books. Mar and Lenin could give us much, and gave us much; they simply could not give us all the value of life.

17. Strength of character

Character is very important thing in life. It does not mean that we shoi be Brahmchari. Chafacter is a kind of quality of the mind. It involves a sense or duty. We must be dutiful to ourselves and to others. Our sense of duty should be the guiding principle in our life. It is said when money is lost, nothing is lost. If wealth is lost, we can get it back again if our luck favours. If health is lost something is lost. We can region health if it is not seriously affected. Whf ” character is lost, all is lost. We fall in the eyes of everybody. We cannot reg the lost name and fame. Therefore we lost everthig. if we lost our Character involves a sense of responsibility.

We so we must perform our di honestly and we must feel responsibility for what we do. To be regular and punctual in our work makes us dutiful. If we are dutiful, we are men of character. If our sense of duty is lost, it means our character is gone. We become ill reputed and hateful. If our character is well, our personality become more stronger in the society. On the basis of a good character we may gain any important past in our society and government. It will not be wrong to say that character makes a man mighter and perfect in their society and office. In those days character certificates is demanded while we go to take admission in school.

18. The innocent of childhood

Childhood is the happiest period in the life of a man. A child in free from cares and fears. He is so innocent that he is not aware of the vices of wordly life. He often lives in a dream land. How happy I am when I look back to the days of my childhood. Some memories of my childhood are still fresh in my mind. Some of them are very-sweet, but a few memories of my childhood also painful.

During my childhood I delighted in kites. I do not know why kite-flying had such a facination form. Whenever I got some money from my father. I bought kites. Sometimes my scolded me for flying kites, but 1 turned a deaf ear to her.

As I was youngest child in house, I was loved by everyone. My father was very fond of me. Whenever I asked him to buy anything, he fulfilled my desire at once. Though he loved me deeply, I cannot for get how he once gave me a serve punishment. One day his costly pen caught my fancy. While I was trying to write something with it, the pen was broken. When my father saw this he flew into a rage and slapped me so violently that I fell down. I still remember how I sobbed and cried on the lap of my mother for hours.

Inside of such painful incidents my childhood was very happy. I had no cares and fears. All my play-mates were my friends. All the members of my family loved me. When my mother fondled me, I thought that I was a prince.

The memory of my school days is still fresh in my mind. My friends loved and admired me. I never quarrelled with any boy. I always paid a target attention to my studies. I was never punished by my teacher.

Now the happy days of childhood are gone, but the memories of childhood are still fresh in my mind. When I recollect the days of childhood, I am lost in a world of dreams. I wish I were a child again.

19. Taking pride in one’s work

A man without aim is no man. He can not attain success in life. Every man just have some definite aim in life. But all our desires cannot be fulfiled in life. There are many problems in life too. But a man should not be disappointed. They should try hard to succeed. He must have hope and confidence. Mahatma Gandhi was a very simple man. But he had a great strength of conficence. He led India free from the British. He got the pride of his confidence. He is called the father of the nation.

I do not know what will happen to me. But I want to do some such work which will be symbol for the society. Only than I know what a human life is. To serve the society is a great service to God. My service have not any profit motive. I have no my own axe to grind. I had the people and save them from exploitation. I laboour for the people and save them from political trap. I will break their illusion and explode their superstitions. Once they are disillusioned they shall not to do anything imical for the society are for the nation. Only than I understand and feel the taking pride of my work.

20. India’s cultural diversity

India is a vast country. It is called sub-continent, here cultural diversity is found every where peoples are coming close to one another. But politician are thinking that communal or cultural harmoney will be a great danger for them. Communalism is the badge of a backward country, not of the modem as. The cultural monster is a relic of our British connection. The Britishers nurrured on the separatist forces of culturalism. Which enventually led to the partition of India and creation of Pakistan. The major task before India was emotional national integration of the country. The disruptive forces of culturalism could not be weeded out completely.

Sporadic communal violence become future of our national life. Quite often communal and cultural roits flared up like wild fire and took an angry turn. Communal hatred has gripped people. There is nothing but agony and trauma in the wake of the cultural violence. Hindus and Muslims are intolerant of are anothers religion. The social and cultural alientiation between the two communities is widening. The question crops up is this senseless can be prevented or not ?

Our political culture, signifies power sans responsibility. There is a mushrooming of politicians and political parties in India. A country’s moral and social well-being is determined by its political and administrative conditions. In India politics has turned ugly and without ethical and moral considerations. In such a polluted political scenario the spurt of communal flare up is unavoidable.

21. The bihar of my dreams

The Bihar of my dream, every man will have a high moral sense and a deep lover for the state. Our state is backward in the field of science and industry. I want Bihar to be leading state in new technology our industries should grow fast. We should produce everything we need. The Bihar of my dream every men will get a joy of his choice. Education will get its due importance. Students will be devoted to their studies, politicians will not be allowed to misuse students.

Today we find a gap between rich and poor. Then is corruption in all walks of life. The Bihar of my dream will have social justice. The gap betweeen the rich and poor will be narrowed down. Everybody will get equal opportunity to be his best self. There will be no shortage of anything. Then will be discipline, peace and progress all around. Nationalism will overcome the feelings of casteism and regionalism. There will be an atmosphere of equality, brother hood and freedom all over the state. There will be ‘Ram Rajya’ in true sense of the term. May God fulfil my dream.

22. My favourite book

I have recently read a book that is, Bhagwat Gita. I like Bhagwat Gita very much. The Bhagwat Gita is holy book of the Hindus. It is said that lord Krishna himself gave out the whole story. A great battle was fought at Kurukshetra. It is said that lord Krishna gave his support to the Pandavas. He was Arjuna’s chariot driver. First, Arjuna refused to fight against his own men. At this lord Krishna made a long speech.

Lord Krishna advised Arjuna to take heart. He encouraged him to fight. Lord Krishna told him not to think of the result but he should go on doing his duty. He also showed the real nature of the world to Arjuna. Thus Arjuna was convinced of the need to fight. He realised the notliingness of human life.

The Bhagwat Gita is a great book. Every’ Hindu worships this book and reads it. This book presents the basic principle of Indian philosophy it tells us that all questions regarding castes, races and religions are meaningless. It also says that all people are the children of God. A man must do his duty.

This Bhagwat Gita is a book of everlasting value. Every Indian finds hope and light in its pages. This book has been translated into all the great languages of the world. I love this book. I like to read it again and again. I worship it, too. It is the poetry of human life.

23. A trip to the moon

The mysteries of outer space have long held a singular fascination for man. He has always felt a mysterious attraction for the dots and orbs which appear to be suspended from the blue sky above. He has been fascinated by the sun, the moon and they stars. He has often wondered as to how they came to be born of what material they are all made, what keeps them from falling etc. In order to satisfy his curiosity, he has longed to explore these splendid worlds in person. It is this longing of his he given birth to a whole body of science fiction.

The first step towards the conquest of the moon was taken when Sputnik. I was launched by the Soviet Union on October 4,1957. It was on that day that the Mascow Radio thrilled the wondering world with the breath-taking news that Russia had rocketed an earth satellite into outer space. It was also announced that the satellite was circling the world once every ninety five minutes. It was however, on May 25, 1961 that a positive impulse was given for the conquest of the moon. That day, President J. F. Kennedy, in a special message to a the U. S. Congress declared : “I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before the decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safety to earth.

The goal was announced. During ten years that followed a lot of space- work was done. Through numerous spacecraft, both manned and unmanned sent into orbit a whole body of information about the hazards in outer space was collected. Services of experts were harnessed to combat technological problems of space travel and to study the effects of such journeys on living creatures, conditions on the moon etc.

At the back of this prolonged research was a fantastic organisation of science and technology. It was this, together with the spirit of adventure inherent in man that made the achievement of the goal possible. Since then, man has visited the moon several times. So that fresh moon landings do not make news now. In 1984, with Soviet Union’s Astronaut first India astronaut Captain Rakesh Sharma landed on moon and said Sare Jahan Se Achha about India.

On of the reasons why scientist all over the world had been loooking forward to man’s first visit to the moon was the belief that it held the secret to the history of the solar system. That was because the moon has no atmosphere. In fact it has an almost complete vaccume. Scientists hoped that a close look at the lunar soil would give them better understanding of now the earth was formed. Analysis of the moon rock brought back by the American astronaute does not appear to have fulfilled their hopes.

24. Television as entertainment

Television is one of the most fascinating invention of Science. Wireless and radio were considered one of the greatest marvels of science. Television was invented by John L. Baird of London in 1925. Now, the television is in a very improved from. People were thrilled to hear the voice as well as see the picture across thousands of miles live.

The television was started on an experimental basis in India is 1959. It has gained increasing popularity as an effective medium for conveying news and information besides entertainment. Music system, VCD, DVD are also Very important means of entertainment. Among all these television play an important role in field of entertainment.

Television has revolutionized life all over the world. There is a television set in al most every home in most of the town of advanced countries and India also with the help of television sets we can see various kinds of programmes at home in a relaxed mood and manner. It has brought stage and cinema into our drawing rooms. It is also known as the small screen. Its popularity is now well known. It is very powerful. There is no other means so cheap, powerful and popular as television. It caters to the tastes of people of all ages and callings.

One can sit back in the comfort of one’s drawing room and select a programme of ones choice. There are special programme for special fields and activities all the 24 hours of the day and nights. It has also revolutionised advertisement, business and shopping.

Besides Doordarshan, there are other channels like starplus, star sports, zee sports, zee TV, sab TV, Sahara TV, Star movies, HBO, FIBO, ESPSN, Ten sports, Discovery, D.D. Bharti, BBC, CNN, Aaj Tak and many others.

Serials like Ramayana Mahabharata, Bharat Ek Khoj, Humlog, Khandan have already been screened on T.V. many modem and scientific programmes, mega serials, Game shows like KBC, KYZ, Saregama Pa and other music based programme have been very popular on T.V. It has replaced cinema to a great extent. Then there are televison lession for all the levels of students from primary to university. It has helped a lot in the spread of edcation and removal of ignorance and superstitious.

Television has become a part of our daily life. People spend many hours daily viewing television programmes. It’s reach is very wide. Even in rural and for flung areas, it is now common and popular. There are programmes for the youth. Women, rural population, farmers, traders business men, sports lovers and music lovers. There are also cartoon films and other programmes for children.

T.V. has certainly made the world a better place to live if and it has proved to be a very useful means for broadening our vision, enhancing our general awareness besides, entertainment.

25. Computers in everyday life

Modem science has given us many wonderful gifts. These have helped us to advance rapidly on several fronts. These have almost revolutionised human day to day life. Consequently, life has become more efficient easy, convenient fast and comfortable. The invention of computer and its further development is one of these most marvellous gifts of modem science.

A computer can be defined as a machine which stores information, data etc. on magnetic tapes, analyses and retrieves the same instantly when required. Thus it has helped us in overcoming many difficult problems of multiple calculation, data processing record keeping scientific analysis etc. As far as Storage of information and calculation of data are concerned it has surpassed common human mind. The speed accuracy reliability and capacity of a modem computer is really astounding. It short, a computer is a fantastic machine.

Now the use of computer is in every field of life. It has entered almost all our activities. Their use and application in various services departments business establishments, defence services, railways, communication etc. have become a must. They have become part and parcel of schools and education system as well. In defence services, railways, communication etc, have becomes a must. The have become part and parcel of Schools and education system as well. In defence they help radars missile and rocket launching automatic flights data analysis forcasting etc. It has revolutionised the business activities. A manager now can depend on it many of his activities and office duties.

It can complete and calculate, with a lighting speed huge and office duties. It can complete and calculae with a lighting speed huge and mind boggling amounts and data is inputs, expenses, income tax etc. without any mistake. Railway, airlines, hotels, tourist agencies now offer instant booking and reservation through internet it networking has reduced distance as it can be used to coordinate activities as different places of country of the world.

Computer industry in India has been a great source of foreign exchange. Many Indian companies in the field of hoarware software production have done marvellously. The foreign exchange earn many other things from other countries for our use.

A computer works fantastically, its operation are subtle. Complex and wonderful. It has seen phenomenal progress and upgradation in the recent years. The coming computers would before more fast, complicated, reliable powerful small handy and light. Each successive generation of computer has proved it. Now note-book pocket computer are very common thing. Gradually the personal computer would become a consumer applicance. It will be a matter of course. Computer will further revolutionise our life and working. We can very well look forward to more fantastic bread of computers.

26. A book fair

Books are the treasure house of knowledge. Books are our real companions. A book has a great power to shape our life. Good books prove useful and provide guidance. Books enable us to cultivate our mind and they broaden our outbook. Reading also provides an intellectual feast of knowledge and statistics our hunger. Books cover innumerable subjects and reading them is always a pleasure.

A visit to a book fair provides us a unique opportunity of having books realating to all most all spheres of life under one roof. One is almost lost in the wonderful world of books and seams very difficult to pull oneself out of the fair. Books provide food for tought and are a store house a knowledge and wisdom. Hence, a book fair should never be missed.

Recently, I visited a book fair in Patna Gandhi Maidan, Book fair held in Gandhi Maidan was a very bid book fair. Publishers from, all over the country had in stalled their shops in the fair. Books written by many eniment writers, were being sold there. The fair lasted for one month.

Students from all over Bihar used to visit the book fair and purchased books on different subjects. Boys, girls, mens, womens, and children in large number used to visit the fair and purchased book on different subject and classes. It was a very grand fair. Our Chief Minister Sri Nitish Kumar inaugurated the fair. I also visited the fair thrice.

27. If i were the principle of my college school

The present education system of India was introduced by the British to serve their own ends. Now, it is not suited to the needs of free India. Urgent reforms are needed. If ever I become a principal. I would introduce the following reforms to have the ideal college of my dreams.

Good and impressive building do not make a good college. Its goodness lies in its teachers. I will have highly qualified teachers on my staff. They will be given decent salaries. So they will work heart and soul for the welfare of students.

In my college care will also be taken of the character of students. Booking knowledge alone will not be sufficient. They will be taught to be and honest in their work and co-operate with other. Effort will be made to develop them mentally morally, physically and emotionally. All round development of their personality will be the main aim of education in my college.

Games and sports will be made compulsory. Arrangements will be made for all the students to take part in them. Sports will be given their due importance. Stress will be made on Indian games and sports like kabaddi, wrestling etc.

College unions, scout clubs, (Debating societies etc. will be organised through elections, student will elect the office bearers from among themselves. They will thus get training in democracy. In fact, the democracy spirit will prevail in the college. But they will not be allowed to misuse their freedom. They will also be taught the value of discipline.

Some other minor reforms will also be made. I will not work in haste to bring about these reforms. They will be introduced gradually but steadily. I shall work with the co-operation at all. I will administer my college not only by authority but also by love, sympathy and affection. Such is the college of my dreams.

28. Noise pollution in the cities

Man is the luckiest among all the creation of God. He has the capacity to avoid of all the facilities available in Nature. Even he is capable to control some forces of Nature. He is still on the path of pursuing what is unknown to him.

But on this path man has become myopic. He has been trying to change system of Nature of his petty gains. He has forgotten the ecological balance which is so impotant for his own survival. In search of truth, he has forgot the bitter truth of essence of survival. Pollution of environment is fall out of his own deed.

Environment Pollution is segmented into four categories : air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and sound pollution.

Sound pollution is caused by the increased number of motor vehicles on the road, increased number of trains and air crafts in the sky. People diving in the vicinity of air ports, factories and train tracks suffer from partial deafness.

Earth is not of the current generation. It has been inherited from the previous generation and it is to be passed on to the next generation. People are realizing the danger that we are going to face.

Efforts are being made to same the earth. Aforesation, cleaning of rivers and seas, treatment of affluents in the industries, using better quality of fuel, phasing out plastic bags are stop in this regards.

29. Tv serial sand their effect on our society

A large number of TV channels have come up during the last ten years or so. These TV channels telecast different types of programmes round the clock. Programmes on sports, films, health and new are very popular.

Almost may of the TV Serials are shown every day. These TV serials teach good and bad lessons both. Our society is being affected to a very large extent.Some TV serial are very interesting. “Ba, Bahu Aur Baby” is a TV serial at present that entertains both men and women. Children are also liking this serial. Serials like this give very good effect on society.

But there are serials like ‘Kasauti’ are very bad. In “Kasauti” one Indian women marries two husbands. Both are alive. This is not prevalent in our society. These types of serials have very bad effect on our society.

“Virashat” serial shows that there is tension every where. These types of serials have very bad effect on our society. Some serials telecast that there is quarrel between mother in law and daughter-in-law. This type of serial has bad effect on our society.

It is my opinion that at present may TV serial are against our culture. Western culture is being imposed on our society. English serials are also not suited to our Indian culture.

Social and religions serials are good for our society. Ramayan, Mahabharat. Om Namah Shivaya are very good TV serials. The effects of these historical and religions TV serials are praiseworthy.

So, the government should take care of these serials. Government should see that no bad serials are released.

30. Mahatma gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 in a respectable vaishya family of Porbandar state in Khathiawad. His parents were well-to-do people. His father Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi held a high and responsible post in the Porbandar state.

He received his early education at the local primary and high schools. After passing the entrance examination, he want to England to qualify himself for legal profession. He was truthful and honest from his very childhood. He was very careful about his character.

After qualifying himself for the legal profession, he returned to India and started practice in the Bombay high court. He went to Natal in South Africa to appear in a case of his client. There were he saw how how the Indians were subjected to utter humilation by the European population of South Africa. He established the natal Indian congress. Under its auspices, he led an agitation for the removal of those disabilities from which the Indians were suffering. He invented the new weapon to satyagraha. He fought with this weapon tenaciously. He suffered imprisonment but he stuck to his resolve. He efforts met with a great success there.

The European indigo plantes in Bihar were oppressing th tenants very much. Mahatma Gandhi transferred his activities to Motihari. He took up the cause of the Indigo cultivators. His intervention brought about a settlement between them.

Mahatma Gandhi started his non-co-operation movement in 1921. Since then he led the Indian National Congress. The Indian National Congress went on gaining strength under his able guidance. He led various struggles from time to time for the independence, of the country. The country reached its goal under his able guidance.

Mahatma Gandhi was the greatest son of India. Say he was one of the greatest men the world has ever produced. He was great not because of his politics. His greatness lies in his moral outlook of life. Truth was not a virtue or ideal for him. It was the very breath of his life. It is this which armed him with the invincible power he possessed. He feared nobody. He was prepared to face the mightiest power of the earth for the cause of truth and justice. He made an intensive study of the Gita and followed its teaching in practical life.

Mahatma Gandhi succeeded in bringing about the political salvation of India. He wanted to see the supremacy of truth and non-violence in the whole world. Unfortunately the world is inclined otherwise today. But the future of the world can be safe only when it follows the path shown by him. Any other course is perilous.

He was shot dead while going to attend a prayer meeting on the 30th of January 1948 at Delhi. India, may the whole world is poorer today on account of his death. May his soul rest in peace.

31. Unemployment

Unemployment is a big curse. Man is made for work, it has been said that ‘an idle brain is a devil’s workshop1. It is perfectly true. An idle man always thinks of one mischief or other. Thus, an idle man is not only a burden to himself, but also a positive danger to society.

Many people remain unemployment not because they want to remain unemployed but because they have nothing useful to do. It is the duty of the government of open a venues of employment for various classes of people.

In our country unemployment is growing increasingly among the educated middle class. Schools and colleges are growing in number and every year they turn out lakhs of graduates who wander from door to door in search of jobs.

What is the cause of unemployment particularly among the educated people ? The answerlies in the defective system of education. Modern education teaches people to detest manual labour. Educated people can do nothing except table work. They book down upon business or other professions involving manula labour. Thus, a solution of the problem lies mainly in the change of mentality of the educated people. When the educated people will come to realise the independent work is better than any service, the problem of unemployment would be solved to a great extent.

Along with the change of mentality, it is also necessary to create avenues of employment people. The Employment Exchange is doing good work in many big towns. Many people have got employment through these Employment Exchanges.

Since independence our government has been making earnest efforts to open various avenues of employment. It has started many schools and insttutions to trained educated person in various arts and trades. It is encouraging cottage industries too. Certainely our government has gone a long way in providing employment to many but still a long course remain to be covered.

32. The summer season

The summer starts in India from the beginning of March and continues up to June. Up to February the rays of the sun are soothing and we like to bask in the sun. But in March the season changes. The sun-rays become hotter day by day and we begin to get perspiration. The entire earth becomes heated in this season.

In summer, the few hours of the morning are pleasant. In March the sun does not become too hot before noon. But by April the sun becomes not by 9 a.m.

The sun becomes very hot by noon in May and June and scorching winds also begin to below. Then it becomes very’ troublesome. People cannot come out of their homes and all work remains suspended till evening. They can not work even inside their houses because of heat. Moreover, they feel sleepy in the after noon. They shut all doors and take rest in the coolest part of the building.

People do not get relief even in the evening and at night. They can not sleep comfortable at night on account of heat.

Summer causes inconvenience in many other ways. The hot wind causes much thirst, but people can not get cool water. Rivers and ponds dry up and cause scarcity of water. It adds to the difficulty of the people. Their throats get perched. Even birds and beasts feel thirsty and run from place to place in search of water. Many people birds and beasts die as a result of sunstoke. Many fatal diseases such as Cholera, small-pox etc. break out in the summer season.

People in towns have got many amenities which are not available to the villagers. Therefore, towns we can reduce the discomforts of summer to a great extent if they can afford to spend money. In towns, people get electric fans to cool them and ice to quench their thirst.

In spite of these disadvantages the farmers welcome the summer because it brings the clouds which give them rain. Though we dislike the heat and dust of the summer, we await it anxiously because we get sweet mangoes during this season.

33. The rainy season

The rainy season starts in India in early July and continues up to September. It comes as a great relief to the world suffering from excessive heat and scorching rays of the sun. Birds, beasts, plants and human beings all welcome the rainy season, because it gives them the much needed relief.

When the rainy season starts th sky is very often overcast with clouds and it presents a very beautiful scene. The clouds of different shades and colours move hither and thither in the sky and look very nice. Nature itself wears a new apparel. The trees which shed their leaves in the summer come to have new leaves. New grass growsin the dry fields and they look like turht of green velvet. The wind blows away dust from the roads and they look neat and clean. When it drizzles for several days the kachacha roads, however, become muddy, rivers, ponds and ditches are filled with water.

The rainy season has both its advantages and disadvantages. Rain helps cultivation. Failure of rain causes famine and many people die. While it gives relief to the world suffering from heat, it also causes much inconvenience. People are confined to their houses and if they have to come out, they need umbrellas and water-proofs. The Kachcha roads become muddy and it becomes difficult to walk on them. The rivers often overflows their banks and create much havoc. Too much of rain makes the roofs of houses leakage and the mud built walls collapse and cause much damage to the household articles.

Rain is a great boon to the peasants. Without rain crops would not grow and agriculturists would be put to much loss. In India, agriculturists have to depend mainly on rain for cultivation and for the raising of crops on their lands.

34. Winter season in india

The winter season comes after the rainy season. It beings from November and lasts till the end of January. It is pleasant season. It is not as beautiful as the spring but it has its own charms.

When the winter season comes, we like to basic in the warm sunshine. The sunshine is pleasant. We sit in the sun for hours. We put on warm clothes to protect ourselves from cold. During winter, days are much shorter than nights.The days are very pleasant. Sometimes the nights are very cold. In the morning the earth is often covered with fog. At night we like to sit round the fire place. We need quilts and blankets. We like to sleep in warm bed. We often catch cold if we go out at night.

The winter season has its own beauties and charms. In the morning the dew drops shine like pearls. When we walk in a garden, we see maRy kinds of beautiful flowers. The winter flowers with their dazzling colours are very attractive. The rose, sunflower, marigold, dahlia and other flowers present a beautiful sight.

We get different kinds of vegetables in the winter season. Usually vegetables are very cheap in this season. Winter is the season of fruits. We get different kinds of fruits during this season.

Paddy is harvested in this season. The golden ears of paddy look beautiful. They please the farmers. Harvestors are seen in the fields with their sickles.

The winter season has several advantages. It gives us a lot of fruits and vegetables. It is good for health. It is suitable for hard work. We do not get tired soon. Students like tis season because they can work hard during this season. They play cricket, hockey and badminton during this season. The winter season improves our health. Our digestion improves during this season. We look energetic and smart in this season. The winter evening is very pleasant. It is delightful to sit round the fire in the evening and chat with friends.

The winter season is very painful for the poor. The poor people do not have warm clothes. They shiver with cold at night. It is difficult for them to sleep at night. Many people die from cold. It is difficult to go out at night. We often catch cold during winter.

In spite of these disadvantages the winter season is charming.

35. The season i like most

There are four seasons in our country-summer, rains, winter and spring. The different seasons have their own beuties and charms. Summer brings sweet mangoes, the rainy season gives life to the burning earth, and winter delights us. Each season is good in itself.

Different people like different seasons. Everybody has his own likes and dislikes. Of all the seasons I like the spring season most. Spring is certainly the best season of the year. Most of the people are fond of this season. It is the favourite season of poets. It is called the queen of seasons.

Spring comes after the winter season. It designs from the middle of February and lasts till the middle of April. As the spring season sets in, the earth looks lovely and charming. The trees put forth new leaves. Nature looks charming. Many kinds of beautiful flowers bloom during this season. The lovely roses win our hearts. When we walk in a garden, we are enchanted by the dazzling colours of flowers. As a matter of fact spring is the season of beautiful flowers. Beers are very busy during this season. They move from one flower to another in search of honey. We see the beautiful butterflies flying about. They catch the fancy of children.

The days of the spring season are very pleasant. Spring is neither hot not cold. It is very delightful. It is good for health.

Spring is the season of charming sounds. The bees humming in the garden fill our hearts with joy. The cuckoo is mad with joy. Its sweet notes enchant us. In the early morning we hear the birds twittering in trees.

It is delightful to walk through the corn-fields during spring. The green plants please the eyes. The yellow flowers of mustard flutter in the breeze. The earth wears a green garment. Spring transforms it into a paradise.

I like the spring season most because it offers great pleasures. The biting cold of winter makes me hate it. I am afraid of the scorching sun of summer. I dislike mud and durt caused by the rains. It is the spring season which catches my fancy. It brings extraordinary beauties and charms. So, it gives me great delight.

The beauties of spring make us forget our cares and sorrows. If we have eyes to see and ears to hear, we shall find lots of pleasant sights and melodious notes during spring.

36. Rivers

Rivers rise from mountains or big lakes. Flowing through the mountains, rocks, plateau, and plain lands they fall into the sea or some otehr river. Some rivers are fed by snow-water and some by rain-water and some by both.

In their onward journey the rivers proceed with much force and sweap away everything in front of them. As the rivers fall from great heights, the rocks are ground into dust and the rivers carry and deposit the dust in the plains. This is called ‘silt’. The silt makes land fertile. The river is very thin and narrow at the place of its origin. But gradually, as it proceeds futher, it widens. On the way it is joined by other rivers. Sometimes, a river branch off into two or three currents. These are called tributaries of the river. The moUth of the river where it falls into the sea is much wider.

Rivers are of great use to us. They provide water for drinking and other purposes. River-bath is very good for health. It refreshes our body and mind. Transport by water is cheap and, therefore, a good deal of inland trade is done by water. Towns on the banks of big rivers are prosperous because of this Boats carrying goods of merchandise sail up and down the rivers and carry goods to big towns for sale. Thus, the rivers help trade, industry and agriculture. They also help industry in another way. At some places there are big water¬falls in a river.

The falls can be used to generate electricity which is called hydro-electric power. This power is arrested and utilized for lighting towns. It is also used for running mills and factories and drawing water from wells for irrigating land. It is used for turning the wheels of mills. The water of the river is carried through big canals to distant places for watering land. In this way barren and unproductive areas are converted into fertile lands.

37. The flood

Rain-water falls on big mouontains as well as upon plains. As the river bed is lower in level, all the rain-water flows to low lands and rivers. When the rainfall is heavy, rivers, streams and other channels can not contain all the rain water in their beds. Then the water overflows their banks. This is called a flood. Sometimes, a flood is caused by the melting of snows on the mountains which increases the volume of water in the rivers. Breaches in the embankment of a river also cause floods.

At times flood comes all on a sudden. People sleep at night in their houses peacefully. They wake in the morning to see their houses surrounded with water. This causes untold suffering and immense miseries to the people. Their belongings are washed a way. Houses collapse and people are rendered homeless. Many men, women, children and cattle are swept away by the current of the river.

Many people lose their resources and tools and thus lose their occupation. It is a very pitiable sight to see cattle and men being washed away by the current of the river during the floods. Often entire families are washed away and they drift on the thatches and frailbarges, aimlessly. The flood also damages railway lines and makes the running of trains impossible.

In times of flood the Government adopts various measures to alleviate the sufferings of the people. It arranges for both long-term and short term relief. This includes distribution of food cloths, medicine etc. The long term relief means free distribution of seedlings, remission of rent, grant of loan for reconstructing house and for reclaiming land etc. Even private relief societies are organized by the people. They also render much help to the flood-stricken people.

It is possible to check the frequent visits of floods. We can do so by digging canals, by raising the level of river-banks and by putting strong drams accross the rivers. All this requires great engineering skill and heavy expense. The Government often carries out these projects when funds permit.

38. Gardens

Man has loved nature since the beginning of his life on the earth. He is fascinated by the beautiful sights of nature. He delights in planting trees and flowers. He maintains gardens for his pleasure. A garden represents the beauty of nature. Flowers grow in wild forests. Man plants them in gardens for his pleasures. He arranges them according to his taste. He loves beauty. So, he maintains a garden.

A garden should be carefully maintained. It needs constant labour and care. It should be divided into different parts. A part of the garden should be set apart for cultivation of flowers. Different kinds of flowers should be planted in the garden. Fruits and vegetables should be grwon in the other parts of the garden. There should be proper arrangement for watering the plants regularly.

Gardens are very useful. They present beautiful sights of nature. There are beautiful flowers of various colours in gardens. If we walk through gardens, we are filled with joy. The lovely flowers fluttering in the breeze catch our fancy. We look at their dazzling colours and wonder at the imagination of their creator.

The beautiful flowers make us forget our cares and anxieties. Gardens enable us to read the book of Nature. It is very interesting to watch the growth of plants and flowers. Plants grow silently in the gardens. Flowers blooom at the proper time. Plant life is as interesting as our own life. If we have eyes to see, we can watch the miracles of Nature in gardens.

Gardens provide healthy surroundings. We can improve our health by walking in gardens. We get many kinds of fruits and vegetables from gardens.

Gardens are very pleasant, but we are so busy that we fail to enjoy their beauties and charms. Those people who do not love flowers are certainly heartless. We must have beautiful gardens in towns too. They will make the towns lovely places to live in. We should learn to love gardens and flowers.

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Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English aids you to prepare all the topics in it effectively. You need not worry about the accuracy of the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 Read, Think and Enjoy Chapter 1 The Secret of Work Questions and Answers as they are given adhering to the latest exam pattern and syllabus guidelines. Enhance your subject knowledge by preparing from the Chapter wise Bihar Board Class 11th English Book Solutions and clarify your doubts on the corresponding topics.

Rainbow English Book Class 11 Solutions Read, Think and Enjoy Chapter 1 The Secret of Work

Kick start your preparation by using our online resource Bihar Board Class 11 English Solutions. You can even download the Bihar Board Board Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 1 The Secret of Work Questions and Answers in Prison free of cost through the direct links available on our page. Clear your queries and understand the concept behind them in a simple manner. Simply tap on the concept you wish to prepare in the chapter and go through it.

Bihar Board Class 11 English The Secret of Work Textual Questions and Answers

Let’s Think and Do :

Question 1.
Discuss in small groups how does a blind person feel.
Answer:
A blind person is a physically challenged person. He/she cannot see. Some persons are blind from their birth or become blind at a very early age like Helen Keller. Some become blind when they are fully grown, and have seen the world.

The blind people, especially those who become blind at an early age, do not appear to miss their sight. They go about the world, do all the business of their lives. They get used to the way they live. So they are seldom unhappy.

But those who turn blind at a later stage miss their sight. They think of the days when they could see. They are unhappy at times. But they too get used to their changed conditions of life.

The blind do not find living as hard as we, who can see, think that they do.

Question 2.
How does the narrator throw light on how to use our ability to see ? Discuss.
Answer:
The narrator Helen Keller was blind. She could appreciate how blessed are those who can see. But those was can see, do not realise how fortunate they are. They think their eyes for granted. They make use of their eyes as is essential for them. They do not even notice things that are so obvious, or are always in front of them. For example, Helen Keller asked some sighted people what colour the eyes of their wives was. Most of them were embarrassed because they never looked in the eyes of their wives. They cannot even describe their other features.

Helen Keller tells the sigted people to see all the objects around them very carefully. They may just imagine that they are going to lose their eyesight the very next day. If the sighted people look at every object minutely, they would enjoy the miracles of nature more beautifully and fell how fortunate they are to have eyes, the most wonderful of all senses.

Question 3.
Do a project work on the ‘Art of Seeing’.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

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Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English aids you to prepare all the topics in it effectively. You need not worry about the accuracy of the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 Poem Chapter 7 Village Song Questions and Answers as they are given adhering to the latest exam pattern and syllabus guidelines. Enhance your subject knowledge by preparing from the Chapter wise Bihar Board Class 11th English Book Solutions and clarify your doubts on the corresponding topics.

Rainbow English Book Class 11 Solutions Poem 7 Village Song

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Bihar Board Class 11 English Village Song Textual Questions and Answers

A. Work in small groups and discuss these questions :

Question 1.
For some unforseen reasons you are coming home late. You find yourself all alone. It is pitch-dark and you have no torch with you. What worries will haunt you ? Will you feel afraid ?
Answer:
I shall be afraid of snakes or scorpion because I have no torch. I am also all alone. No body is to share my worries.

Question 2.
How do your family members respond when you come home late ?
Answer:
My family members show their annoyance on my late coming. They may apprehend something wrong for me. Their fear may be of some criminals or snakes or scorpion.

Question 3.
Have you ever been rebuked for coming late ?
Answer:
Yes, I have been rebuked several times, for coming late sometimes by my parents and sometimes by my grandma.

B. 1. Answer the following briefly :

Question 1.
What was the speaker carrying ?
Answer:
The speaker was carrying a pitcher (water pot), full of water.

Question 2.
From where was she carrying it ?
Answer:
She was carrying it from a long distance. The way through which she was carrying it, was deserted.

Question 3.
What made her stay longer on her way back ?
Answer:
She stayed longer on her way back, because she was charmed with the boatmen’s song.

Question 4.
How much passion did the girl have for song ?
Answer:
The girl had very much passion for the boatmen’s song.

Question 5.
Whose cry did she hear with the fall of night ?
Answer:
She (the girl) heard the shrill of the wild owl with the fall of night.

Question 6.
Make a list of the thoughts that came to her mind on her way back ?
Answer:
A number of thoughts came to her mind on her way back. The shadow (darkness) of night was gradually falling. The following thoughts haunted her mind : .
(i) In the darkness, a serpant might bite her, as there is no soft moon light to guide her.
(ii) An evil spirit might cut her into pieces.
(iii) Her brother would bother due to her delay to return.
(iv) Her mother would be worriedly weeping.
(v) The Jamuna’s water was deep and would be difficult to come across.
(vi) Who will help her if the storm would be broken.
(vii) Where she would hide herself from the lightning anytime expected.
All these thoughts came to her mind.

Question 7.
Make a list of the sounds of voices that she hears on her way back.
Answer:
The sounds of voices which she heard on her way back were as noted below:
(i) She had gone through the boatmen’s song.
(ii) She heard the white crane calling.
(iii) She heard the voice of owl, shouting.
She heard all the above mentioned voices while returning to her house.

Question 8.
How dangerous is a lightening ? Explain. How would you avert it ?
Answer:
The lightening is most dangerous and may be fatal. It can only be averted by the guidance of the Almighty. With his help she is hopeful to save herself from the misfortune.

B. 2. Answer the following questions briefly :

Question 1.
Who were anxiously waiting fop her at home and why ?
Answer:
Her (girl’s) mother and brother v’ere anxiously waiting for her return to her house. Her brother would be anxious to know the reason of her delay on her way back and her mother would be weeping.

Question 2.
What did she surmise for her mother to have prayed for her ?
Answer:
She had guessed that her mother might have been praying God for her safe return to her house.

Question 3.
What did her mother know about the Jamuna river ?
Answer:
Her mother knew that the Jamuna’s water is deep and flowing fastly.

Question 4.
What were the last two apprehensions on her way back ?
Answer:
The last two apprehensions on her way back were first the storm might break anytime, then who would be helping her. Second, when there would be lightening, then it would be hard to survive. So the possibility of storm and lightening was ahead.

Question 5.
Who is Thou in the poem ? What does she pray to Him ?
Answer:
The word Thou’ is used for God. She prays to Him to guide her at the time of her distress. She also makes request to provide her strength in her foot steps, so that she may get rid of the dangers.

Question 6.
Find out the rhyme scheme of the poem.
Answer:
In the composition of the poem the learned poetess has arranged the rhyme as here under

1. carry – tarry
2. long – song
3. night – white
4. falling – calling
5. linger – her
6. weep – deep
7. quickly – thickly
8. betide – hide, guide
9. sky – die
10. cry – die.

These are rhymes which are beautifully arranged in the poem. The first line rhymes with the third line. The second line rhymes with the forth. The sixth and seventh lines rhyme together. In the same way, the eighth, nineth and tenth lines rhyme with one another, the twelfth line with fourteenth, thirteenth with fifteenth, sixteenth with seventeenth and eighteenth. Again the last but one three lines rhyme together.

C. Long Answer Questions :

Question 1.
How has the poet picturised the fall of night ? Give details.
Answer:
The poet has picturised the fall of night, with the realistic approach to the situation. It shows her deep study of nature. Her feeling is also reflectd in the poem.

The fall of night is followed by the dark shadows, swiftly and smoothly passing through. A white crane (a large wading bird) is crying out in the darkness. The shrill of owl is heard which is not pleasing to the ear. The gentle moon-light is not throwing it beams. The serpent may bite her in the darkness, The evil spirit may cut her body into pieces. The scene is, of course, horrible. ‘ The poet has painted a lively picture in the poem.

Question 2.
What does the expression, “Ram Re Ram” suggest ?
Answer:
The speaker has bean returning back to her house, carrying a pitcher (water-pot) full of water. She has been attracted towards the boatman’s song. Her passions for the same has delayed her way back to her house. Meanwhile with the fall of night, the call of crane (a large wading bird) and shrill of the owl is heard. There is the apprehension of snake, in the absence of gentle moon-light. An eveil spirit may cut her into pieces. So all these things have created a feeling of death in her mind. In these circumstances she utters Ram Re Ram remembering God to help her at such a crucial time.

Again she thinks that her brother would be mentally upset and worried tor her and mother weeping and praying to God for her safe return. She further i thinks that the Jamuna’ water is flowing fast. The storm and lightening may engulf her, causing her death. She prays to God to extend such help to her, so that her foot-steps get stronger to walk. She also prays to guide her at the time of her distress. She again uses the words “Ram Re Ram”.

It appears that she has used “Ram Re Ra m” to console herself. Everybody remembers God and expresses such feelings in distress, is a fact.

Question 3.
The poetess has used a number of homely images in the poem. Make a list of these images. What do these images really suggest about like ?
Answer:
The poetess has used a number of homely images. These have been placed in the poetry very’ nicely. The details of the same is appended below—

1. boatman’s song
2. shadows of night are falling
3. white crane calling
4. wild owl’s cry
5. tender moon beams
6. in the darkness a serpant should bite
7. all evil spirit should smite.

These things suggests their significance in our life. Some of them help us whereas some are dangerous to our lives.

Question 4.
How does your thought proceed when you perceive a danger ?
Answer:
We experience certain sorts of dangers. They may be natural, physical and spiritual. We become perplexed to face and to think of them. To see a snake we become horrified. The storm, the lightening and such sorts of other calamities (danger) make us frightened and sometimes cause death even. To get it averted we either face it boldly or pray to God. In case if I perceive such danger, I would adopt certain measures to save me without losing my patience by going to some place.

Question 5.
Based on your experience give a description of the storm.
Answer:
Nature is kind to us, by helping us to solve our problems and to enjoy the pleasure of life. But sometimes it becomes unkind. Storm is such a brutal act of nature. It causes vast devastation of human life. It creates horrible scene throughout with heavy casualities of human beings, birds, beasts and others. Building structures, trees and standing crops are badly damaged I have experienced it several times in my life. It was horrible. There was the pathetic scene in a vast area being affected by the storm. I pray to God to save us from such destruction.

C. Composition :

Question a.
Write a letter to your father narrating ho” you were caught in a storm and how you felt at that time.
Answer:

Gaya
15th Jan. 2014

My dear father,

I am quite well here along with the other members of the family and hope that you will be the same. In this letter I am going to write about my experience of a storm.

Last Sunday was scheduled for my marketing. As usual I went to the market on my bicycle. As I had to buy several things I had carried several cloth-made bags with me. After marketing I returned home. It was about 6.30 p.m. On the way to home I saw the violent storm arising from the east. From the main road I took a short-cut route to reach home. I was rushing on the earthen road made on the bank of the river, the same road, you had passed through with me. Two hundred meteres before the village I caught by that violent storm. It was followed by heavy rain. There was no shelter around the road.

The earthen road had become completely slippery. The more I tried to carry my overloaded bicycle the more its tyres wrapped the muddy soil of the earthen road. On one hand, there ws the flooded river and on the other (hand) there was a deep ditch. It was getting dark. My condition was very miserable. After an hour the storm and heavy rain stopped and anyhow I reached home. Really it was a very bad experience. God had save me in such condition !

With regards

Yours Affectionately
Rakesh Kumar

Question b.
Suppose you are. the Mukhiya of your Panchayat. You find that staying on the river-banks late in the evening is dangerous. Now write a notice in about 50 words warning the inhabitants of your Panchayat of the dangers that might befell them if they stayed at the river-bank at nights.
Answer:
Gram-Panchayat Ram Nagar, Dharbhanga

Notice

10th March, 2010

All the inhabitants of the Panchayat, Ram Nagar Dharbhanga (Bihar) are directed through this notice not to stay on the river-banks late in the evening. It is dangerous. The rivers are over-flooded. There may be a chance of breaking of river-banks. Further in this season snakes wander hither and thither at nights. In every way it is dangerous to stay on the river-banks late in the evening. So, you are warned to do so.

Kusum Jha
Mukhiya, Gram-Panchayat
Ram Nagar Dharbhanga (Bihar)

D. 1. Dictionary Use :

Ex. 1. Correct the spelling of the following words:
Answer:
picher—pitcher
darknes—darkness
thikly—thickly
fating— falling
weap — weep
unles — unless
moonbeems — moonbeams
quikly — quickly
sucour — succour.

Ex. 2. Look up a dictionary and write two meanings of each of the following words – the one in which it is used in the lesson and the other which is more common:
Swift; shadow; fall; call; cry; light; break; guide.
Answer:

D. 2. Word-Formation :

Ex. 1. Make adverbs from the Adjectives given below and use them (Adverbs) in sentences of your own:
clever; quick; beautiful; light; thick; soft; loud.
Answer:

Ex. 1. Match the words given in column ‘A’ with their meaning given in column ‘B’ ”

Answer:
(1) – (d)
(2) – (c)
(3) – (b)
(4) – (e)
(5) – (f)
(6) – (a).

D. 4. Phrases :

Ex. 1. Use the following phrases in sentences of your own, making their meanings clear:
rush by; far off; tempted to; carry away; bring up.
Answer:
Rush by: During the rainy season the waters of the Ganga rushes by very rapidly.
Far off: We did not go far off from my residence when he telephoned me.
Tempted to : I was tempted to take the day off.
Carry away : The injured were carried away on stretchers.
Bring up : After the death of his parents he was brought up by his uncle.

E. Grammar :

Ex. 1. Frame sentences using the following verbs to express supposition : fall; drawn; betide; break; collapse.
Answer:
Fall: Walk slow lest you should fall.
Drown : Bath in the river where the water is not deep lest you should drown.
Betide : Use a torch at night lest a serpent should betide you.
Break : Run slow on uneven paths lest you should break your feet.
Collapse : Use suitable material to erect the building lest it should collapse.

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Rainbow English Book Class 11 Solutions Read, Think and Enjoy Chapter 9 Spring

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Bihar Board Class 11 English Spring Textual Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which flower is flora’s great favourite ? What does it symbolise?
Answer:
The rose is flora’s great Favourite flower. The poet has described about the spring season. Flora means plants and flowers of a particular {dace.

Red rose symbolises love and is the Queen flower. It is of course a beatifiil flower.

Question 2.
How does the poet depict the Spring ? W rite in your own words.
Answer:
The poet in his poem “Spring” has presented the picture of the spiring in a most impressive manner. According to him spring season is a beautiful season especially in Bihar. A wonder natural beautiful scene is seen with new fresh leaves on the brauckes of the trees. New red and green leaves come out with many beautiful flowers and fruits in the trees. A pleasing and gentle air and soft sounds filled up with fragrance are felt.

The poet says that no artist can copy the colour of the natural flower and can not bring the natural fragrance in them.

Question 3.
Pick out the instances of personification in the poem and comment on the significance of their use.
Answer:
Personification is a figure of speech in which an animal, object or ideas is described as having human form or characteristics.

There are some instances of personification in the poem “Spring” written by Awadh Behari Lall. “Nature” in this poem has been described as having human form and characteristics. The poet says that the nature has coloured the flowers in different colours and filled in different perfumes. The nature has been personified.

In the third stanza; “The Nature” has himself put on new dresses of different flowers having different colours. It is another example of personification and is just and proper.

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Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English aids you to prepare all the topics in it effectively. You need not worry about the accuracy of the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 Poem Chapter 9 Voice of the Unwanted Girl Questions and Answers as they are given adhering to the latest exam pattern and syllabus guidelines. Enhance your subject knowledge by preparing from the Chapter wise Bihar Board Class 11th English Book Solutions and clarify your doubts on the corresponding topics.

Rainbow English Book Class 11 Solutions Poem 9 Voice of the Unwanted Girl

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Bihar Board Class 11 English Voice of the Unwanted Girl Textual Questions and Answers

A. Work in small groups and discuss these questions :

Question 1.
How many brothers or sisters do you have ? Does the girl child in your family receive same kind of love and attention as the boy in the family ? If not, why ? Is it proper ?
Answer:
We are three brothers and one sister. We all receive same kind of love and attention equally. There is no descrimination between a boy and a girl in my family. We all enjoy the same right in the family.

Question 2.
You might have heard several cases of female foeticide ? Who, in your opinion, is responsible for this ?
Answer:
Our society is responsible for this. In our society girl is considered a burden. The parents have to fight much for the marriage of the girl. Even after her being educated nobody is ready to marry her without dowry.

B. 1.1. Write ‘T’ for true and ’F’ for false statements :

(a) Mother was taken to the autopsy room by force.
(b) The doctor was solely responsible for the heinous crime.
(c) The female foeticide took place in Bombay.
(d) Everybody loved the speaker.
(e) Mother loved Pomegranate very much.
Answer:
(a) False
(b) False
(c) True
(d) False
(e) False.

B. 1. 2. Answer the following questions briefly :

Question 1.
Who is ‘I’ in the opening line ?
Answer:
The unwanted girl is T in the opening line.

Question 2.
Who does the speaker address to ?
Answer:
The speaker addressed to her mother.

Question 3.
What did the mother do to the speaker ?
Answer:
The mother had the speaker killed before she was born.

Question 4.
What happened to the speaker ?
Answer:
The speaker was cut like a sliced Pomegranate in the autopsy room.

Question 5.
What did the doctor tell the mother ? How did it affect her ?
Answer:
The doctor told the mother that the foetus was a girl. Then the mother was sad because it would be her second daughter.

Question 6.
How did the mother dress up when she knew about her second girl child ?
Answer:
The mother put on her grass-green sari, and put parijatak blossoms in her hair.

Question 7.
Do you find any evidence in the poem that shows the mother’s lack of concern for her girl child ?
Answer:
The mother had the child sent away. She would not even touch it or ask about it. This shows her lack of concern for the girl child.

B. 2. Answer the following questions briefly :

Question 1.
Who does ‘everyone’ refer to in line 28 ? Why did everyone smile ?
Answer:
Everyone in line 28 refers to the mother, father, friends and doctors. They smiled because they had successfully got rid of the unwanted girl child.

Question 2.
How does the ‘unwanted girl’ question her mother’s conscience ?
Answer:
The unwanted girl questions her mother’s conscience. She tells her mother that she acted in an unmotherly fashion. She has acted against the will of God.

Question 3.
What does the killed infant smell of ?
Answer:
The killed child smells of formaldehyde.

Question 4.
How many times has the verb ‘look’ been repeated in the poem ? What effect does it have on you ?
Answer:
The verb look has been repeated ten times in the poem.

It makes me feel that the killed girl child is deeply disturbed. She pricks her mother’s conscience. She tells her what a heinous crime the mother has committed.

Question 5.
What does ‘God’s will’ mean in line 44 ?
Answer:
In line 44, God’s will means what God ordained. The unwanted girl child wants to say that the mother had acted against what God had wanted. God wanted the girl to grow up in a natural way.

Question 6.
What does the speaker wish in the last two lines ?
Answer:
In the last two lines the unwanted child wishes that her mother should have shown her concern for her. She should have shown her motherly love. At least should have desired to see how the girl child looked.

C. 1. Long Answer Questions :

Question 1.
Who, in your opinion, is responsible for the killing of the unborn female child — mother, doctor, society or all of them ?
Answer:
In my opinion all of them are responsible for killing the unborn girl child. The traditional society looked upon women as inferior, useless and no better than slaves. Women had no rights, and parents had to give a lot of dowry at the time of a girl’s marriage. Girls were never given any education. They were ill-nourished. If a girl was born, it was no matter of rejoicing. If a girl died, there was nothing to grieve about. People wanted sons to perpetuate their family name. Many people deliberately killed a girl child just after her birth.

Even today there are orthodox people who consider a daughter a curse. They look upon the second daughter as a misfortune. It is not only men’s attitude. Women themselves subscribe to this view. That’s why, mothers are part of the crime of getting the girl child killed.

In modern times, science has made it possible to determine the sex of the unborn child. So the doctors have made it a business. They determine the sex, and if is a girl, they help in abortion. In this way all of them are responsible in getting the female child destroyed. The government has made a law that determination of the sex of an unborn child is illegal and punishable.

Question 2.
How will you react if you find that female foeticide is being committed before you ? Would you try to stop it or remain indifferent to it ?
Answer:
I hope that I will try to do my best to stop it. I would inform the police about it if I failed to convince the people concerned.

Question 3.
Describe the scene of autopsy room with all minute details. Have you ever been to an autopsy room ?
Answer:
It was a very sad day in my life when for the first time I had to be present in the autopsy room during the postmortem on one of my friend’s dead body. The autopsy room looks similar to an operating room. An atmosphere of dignity and respect for the deceased is maintained at all time. The room has a good lighting arrangement. It is fitted with fly-proof net to avoid flies.There is provision for both hot and cold water taps. Water resistant coating materials are used on the walls so as to wash them with water easily. Postmortem table is preferably made up of marble or stainless steel. There is a refrigerator in the postmortem room to store tissue sample. The room has adequate number of exhaust fans.

Question 4.
Attempt a critical estimate of the poem.
Answer:
The speaker, in the poem is an unborn girl child. Apparently it is impossible. How can a child who is killed before she is bom speak ?

The poet uses the unborn child as a mouthpiece to articulate the crime of mothers and humanity against the innocent unborn girl children. She does not accuse her father, society and the doctors, though they are equal partners in the crime. If only they had done the killing, it wouldn’t have been so bitter. But the child did not expect a mother to treat her own child with such callousness as to not even think of her.

The child describes how she was sliced like a Pomegranate in the autopsy room and the mother did not even think of looking at it.

Then the child pricks her mother’s conscience. She says she has nipped a bud before it could bloom. She killed a butterfly that could flit; she murdered a sweet girl whom someone would have loved and admired. These images are beautiful, and sharpen the acuteness of the crime and the loss.

The second part of the poem uses a rhetoric device to make the mother answerable as if she was being tried in a court of law. There is no rhyme scheme in the poem. The sentences are short, like slaps of whiplashes.

C. 2. Group Discussion :

Discuss the following in groups or pairs.

Question a.
How far is it proper to say “Blessed with a son and cursed with a daughter” ?
Answer:
It is not proper at all. In old days, sons stayed with their parents and were supposed to support them in the old age, whereas daughters were married, and left their parents to serve their husband’s family. Now even sons leave their old parents and go to far off places for better employment. Girls too help their parents because they are educated and have independent income.

Question b.
True progress can hardly be achieved without abolishing gender bias in the society.
Answer:
Men and women are equal partners. They both can contribute to the building up of society. Gandhiji realised this. He called upon women to come forward and join the national movement. Women proved that they could endure hardships and make every possible sacrifice for a national cause. India’s independence could not have been possible without women’s contribution. Indeed, it is wrong to have a bias against women.

C. 3. Composition :

Write a paragraph in about 100 words on the following:

Question a.
Female foeticide.
Answer:
It is a matter of shame that some people are still so orthodox and ignorant that they consider the birth of a girl child a curse. During the last twenty years, there have been so many female foeticides that ratio between male and female drastically changed. Even in the national capital, the ratio is 820 girls against 1000 boys. Just imagine what will happen to society where there are no women. It will be the dooms day. So we must protect girls, look upon them as essential as boys, and empower them to be more useful to society.

Question b.
A visit to an autopsy room.
Answer:
It was a very sad day in my life when for the first time I had to be present in the autopsy room during the postmortem on one of my friend’s dead body. The autopsy room looks similar to an operating room. An atmosphere of dignity and respect for the deceased is maintained at all time. The room has a good lighting arrangement. It is fitted with fly-proof net to avoid flies.There is provision for both hot and cold water taps. Water resistant coating materials are used on the walls so as to wash them with water easily. Postmortem table is preferably made up of marble or stainless steel. There is a refrigerator in the postmortem room to store tissue sample. The room has adequate number of exhaust fans.

D. 1. Dictionary Use:

Ex. 1. Correct the spelling of the following words:
Answer:
insection — injection
trafic — traffic
cluched — clutched
blosoms — blossoms
glisened — glistened
formaldehide — formaldehyde.

D. 2. Word-meaning :

Find from the poem words the meanings of which have been given in Column A’. The last part of each word is given in Column ’B’:

Answer:
1. (e)
2. (f)
3. (d)
4. (c)
5. (h)
6. (g)
7. (b)
8. (a)

D. 3. Vocabulary Test :

Ex. 1. Add a prefix to each of the following words and use the new words in sentences of your own:
told, heard, wanted, touch, turn, speakable.
Answer:
Told — untold – This is an untold story.
heard — unheard – Their protests went unheard.
wanted — unwanted – It is very sad when children feel unwanted.
touch — retouch – Retouch means to make small changes to a picture or photograph so that it looks better.
turn — return – Will you return today ?
speakable — unspeakable – The abusive language used by him is unspeakable.

D. 4. Registers :

Ex. 1. Find out the words from the poem which are used in medical field:
Answer:
doctor, injection, autopsy, cut, formaldehyde.

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Rainbow English Book Class 11 Solutions Read, Think and Enjoy Chapter 3 Unemployed Hope

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Bihar Board Class 11 English Unemployed Hope Textual Questions and Answers

Let’s Thinks and Do :

Question 1.
How does the poem express the frustration of the unemployed youth ?
Answer:
The unemployed especially the educated young men, hope to find a suitable job. They haVe their dreams. They want to help their parents also. They apply for a post and begin to dream. But they are frustrated when in spite of applying again and again they get no employment. They starve and struggle to live. Their dreams are lost.

Question 2.
Comment on the title of the poem.
Answer:
The title Unemployed Hope refers to the aspirations of the young people who complete their higher education in the hope of getting a good and respectable job. But when they have completed their education, they find the realitiers too harsh. They find that in spite of their education they remain unemployed.

Question 3.
Do a project work on the employment among educated youths, focusing on its causes and consequences. Also suggest ways to deal with the problem.
Answer:
A Project work on the employment among Youths:
[A discussion among five students is held on the issue of the causes and consequences of unemployment among the educated youths and measures to solve the problem.]

Anil : Well, Ajit, what are the causes of unemployment among the educated youths ?

Ajit : Well, you have put up a very important burning problem of our nation. The vacancies in comparison to educated youth are quite inadequate in different offices. At the same time, the policy of our government is also faulty.

Anup : What are the consequences of unemployment ?

Rahul : Well, unemployment has caused a great damage to the people and the nation. Due to unemployment youth have indulged themselves in antisocial and nefarious activities like kidnapping, dacoity, terrorism soon.

Anil : Well, I would live to know the measures to be taken to solve the problem.

Jyoti : Ofcourse you have asked about a most burning problem, we are facing with in these days, the government should introduce job-oriented education system. There must be the expansilen factories and industries as well as village industries, Khadi Gramodyog etc in large scale.

Anil : Thank you Jyoti for your valuable suggestions.

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Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English aids you to prepare all the topics in it effectively. You need not worry about the accuracy of the Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 Poem Chapter 5 The Lamentations of the Old Pensioner Questions and Answers as they are given adhering to the latest exam pattern and syllabus guidelines. Enhance your subject knowledge by preparing from the Chapter wise Bihar Board Class 11th English Book Solutions and clarify your doubts on the corresponding topics.

Rainbow English Book Class 11 Solutions Poem 5 The Lamentations of the Old Pensioner

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Bihar Board Class 11 English The Lamentations of the Old Pensioner Textual Questions and Answers

[A] Work in small groups and discuss the Questions

Question 1.
How does a person change when he grows old ?
Answer:
A person becomes a changed man when he becomes old. His attitude goes again in childhood. His behaviour becomes childish.

Question 2.
How do these changes affect an old person ?
Answer:
When an old man sees his past eg. young life, going on thinking about, he feels sorry because he has to hear many agonising matters. He wants to return in his past life but now it is impossible. In old age his activities last, and he cannot do anything for the sake of himself. Thus an old man in gld age bodily and mentally gets changes.

Question 3.
Is there any change in attitude and behaviour of an old man ? How and why ? Compare with old age.
Answer:
Attitude and behaviour of an old man is totally changed. He becomes just like a child. In young age he had loved beauty and was quite energetic but now his old age has become like a broken tree and inactive.

Question 4.
What is pension ? Who gets pension ? Do you know any pensioner ?
Answer:
Pension means the payment made in consideration of past service. A retired person gets pension. There are so many pension holders in my village.

B. 1. Answer the following questions briefly :

Question 1.
What is the meaning of the line ‘Ere Time transfigured me ?
Answer:
Transfigured means to change the outward form. The poet in his early days of youth enjoys with his friends and wife. He talked about politics or love. But in old age there was left nothing except dullness.

Question 2.
What was the speaker interested in as a young man ?
Answer:
The speaker, the poet himself was interested in politics and love when he was a young man.

Question 3.
What are the young men doing now ?
Answer:
Young men are busy in making a weapon consisting of a pointed blade fitted at the end of a long pole.

Question 4.
What is the poet thinking about in lines 11-12 ?
Answer:
The poet is thinking about the time which has completely changed into something else. There is no reflection of that time.

Question 5.
Who does the speaker remember in the last stanza ?
Answer:
The speaker remembers the days when he was young. He had loved beauty so much at that time. It is still afresh in his memory. Now as he has become old like a broken tree, not a single woman likes to see him. Being disgusted he hates Time which has transfigured him.

Question 6.
“I spit into the face of Time” Why does the speaker say so ?
Answer:
The speaker has become old now. He has lost his youthfulness. There is no attraction left in him. So he speaks ’I spit into the face of Time.’

C. Long Answer Type Questions :

Question 1.
Make a list of things in the poem that show how the man was when he was young ?
Answer:
List of things are the following :

1. enjoying rains
2. having his chair
3. nearest to the fire
4. having company
5. talking of love and politics
6. making pikes
7. raging his fill at humanity and
8. having company of woman etc.

The list of things which has been used in the poem as stated above throws light on the personality of the man when he was young.

Question 2.
How does the poet feel now that he is old ?
Answer:
The poet remembers the days when he was young. He had loved beauty, so much at that time. Now as he has become old, he is disliked by , women and others. Being disgusted he feels that he is neglected by all now.

Question 3.
What does the poem tell us about the old man ? his character, attitude, circumstances etc ?
Answer:
The old man had loved beauty very much when he was young. Now as he has become old and is neglected by all, seems to be disusted. It appears from the way he has expressed his feeling, he is a jolly figure. So far his attitude is concerned, he has interest in nature, love and politics. The circumstances relate to the time he is passing through. During his young age he enjoyed love and politics and was liked by women as well. But now as he has become old he has been neglected by all. Time has transfigured him.

Question 4.
Is there any shift in the subject matter in the three stanzas ? Describe the shifts, commenting on the effect these shifts make ?
Answer:
Of course there is shift in the subject matter in the three stanzas. There are the three stages of life—(i) Young age (ii) Youth (Grown up) stage, (iii) Old age. It appears from the description, the poet has expressed his experiences of these three stages. He has loved beauty and politics very much when he was young. Women liked him. When he attained youth (maturity) he concentrated his activities to some important work. Now when he has become old he is neglected by all. Time has transfigured him.

Question 5.
How is the title of the poem related to the poem ? Explain.
Answer:
The poem narrates the life of an old pensioner. It is an expression of sorrow by him (the poet). He remembers those days when he was young and energetic. He had loved beauty and politics. He was liked by all. Now he has become old and neglected. Being disgusted, he hates time, which has transfigured him.

The poem presents the reality of life. It is the description of the life of an old pensioner, who is lamenting on his miserable life. So, the title of the poem is meaningful and justified.

Question 6.
Write a summary of the poem in 30-35 words.
Answer:
See Summary.

Question 7.
What idea is repeated three times in the poem ? Why ? Does it help to enact the theme of the poem ?
Answer:
The poet has characterised the life of an old pensioner who has experienced all the three stages of life. He enjoyed his young age life so much. He loved beauty and politics. Now in course of time he has become old like a broken tree. He feels himself being neglected by all. His face is now disfigured and possesses an unimpressive appearance. So he is highly disgusted. According to him, time is responsible for such mishappening with him. He expresses his annoyance, saying, “I spit into the face of time that has transfigured me”.

The idea-“Transfigured me” is repeated three times in the poem and it plays an important role in the theme of the poem.

Question 8.
What is the tone of the poem; complacency, resignation, rage ? Why?
Answer:
The poem is the character sketch (description) of an old Pensioner, who had his bright days when he was young. But in course of time he had become old. He remembers the days of his young age. People liked him very much at that time. He has loved beauty and politics. Now as he has become old, not a single woman likes, to see him. He is neglected by all. He has become like a broken tree. Time has transfigured him. So he hates it (Time).

The tone of the poem is-“rage”. He has expressed his rage out of ‘ frustration, agony and disgust.

Question 9.
How many times has the phrase “a broken tree” been used ? What does the phrase signify in the poem ? Is it a symbol ?
Answer:
The phrase “The broken Tree” has been used twice in the poem in the first and the last stanza.

In the first stanza the old pensioner describes the days when he was quite young. At that time he had taken shelter under a broken tree, but he did not like it. He used to talk of love and politics with the people at that time. He was liked by all. That time he was not transfigured. In the last stanza he describes his present days when he has become old and disliked by all. Now talk of love : and politics has become the matter of the past. He is not liked by the people at present. As such he himself has become like “a broken tree”. His life at this time has completely changed. He has blamed the time in the last stanza out of frustration.

Yes, “a broken tree” in this poem is a symbol. The term “broken Tree” is symbolic here. It symbolizes a life full of frustrations.

Question 10.
How do you think you will change when you get older. Write an essay in 150-200 words. [ Board Model 2009 (A) ]
Answer:
I realise that when I shall get older. I shall be changed. Time is the greatest factor. It brings changes in every object of nature. It plays a domaint role of transfigure human beings, birds beasts, trees and all other things on the earth.

We experience it every now and then in our family or else where. My parents and other elders were young few years back. No they have lost glamour as in the past becoming older, when I was bom. I as not able even to walk on my feet. But now I am sixteen years old. There came a great change in me. Every thing has changed. I am perfectly a youth, booth physically and mentally. I have the capacity to work hard and to solve my problems.

I know it well that one day or other I shall become old and will be neglected by all, because time will transfigure me. But I hope the younger generation will be benefited by my experience in life.

I am not at all worried with this reality. There are three stages of life (i) childhood (ii) Youth and (iii) old age. Every body has to pass through all these stages. As such we need not to be annoyed with this reality of life.

Question 11.
Is ‘Time’ personified in the poem ?
Answer:
Personification is a figure of speech in which an animal, object or idea is described as having human form of characteristics.

In the poem it is beautifully placed. Time in real sense is not a living being. It is invisible and cannot be touched or felt. It only indicates the duration of a work done. But in this poem the learned poet has personified it. It appears as if it is a living being. The old pensioner feels that the time is not friendly to him. So he hates ’Time’ who has transfigured his life. He has criticised ‘Time’ in the way that a man criticises another person.

In the last lines of the first stanza, personification of ‘Time’ is as noted below.

‘Era Time transfigured me’.

In the same way ‘Time’ is again personified in the last two stanzas —
“My contemplation are of Time” — Second stanzas.
“I spit into the face of Time” — Last stanzas.

In all three stanzas ‘Time’ is written in capital letter, so it is clear that ‘Time’ here denotes living being.

Composition

D. 1. Dictionary Use :

Ex. 1. Correct the spelling of the following words:
Answer:
transfigurd: transfigured; conspirasy: conspiracy; raskals: rascals; tyrany : tyranny; contemplasion : contemplation.

Ex. 2. Look up a dictionary and write two meanings of each of the following words—the one in which it is used in the lesson and the other which is more common:

shelter, conspiracy, crazy, time.
Answer:

D. 2. Word-meaning :

Ex. 1. Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meaning given in column ‘B’:

Answer:
(1) (d)
(2) (b)
(3) (f)
(4) (e)
(5) (g)
(6) (a)
(7) (c)

E. Grammar :

Read the following line carefully :

‘My chair was nearest to the fire.

In the above line ‘nearest’ has been used to express the degree of comparison, here superlative degree. There are three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative and superlative.
Mark the structure of the sentence given below:
Rimjhim is as clever as Ankita.
Ankita is cleverer than Pragya.
Snigdha is the cleverest girl in her class.

Ex. 1. Now fill in the blanks using the appropriate degree of comparison of the abjectives given in the brackets:

1. Rajesh is …………….. as Ashok. (Simple)
2. Bhartiis …………….. than Kanchan. (beautiful)
3. Kalyan is the …………….. in the locality, (popular)
4. Shabbi is …………….. than Rubi. (intelligent)
5. Mamta is as …………….. Chhabi. (practical)

Answer:

1. as simple
2. more beautiful
3. most popular
4. more intelligent
5. practical as

F. Activity :

Talk to the old people in your locality and try to find act:
What did they do when they were young ?
What was their hobby when they were young ?
What do they feel now when they are old ?
What is their normal course of work now ?
What are the changes in their life style now ?
How do they adjust now ?
Now do a project work on ‘The art of coping with the old age’.
Answer:
A met Raghu Kaka and Birju Bhaiya. They are in their seventies. When I talked to Raghu Kaka. He began to remember his days when he was young. He was a carpenter in a big timber factory. He used to make excellent furniture. Furniture made by him had a great demand in th market. The master of the timber factory was proud of him. He had only hobby to make new designs of furniture. When the customers praised his furniture his joy knew no bound.

Now he feels that all his efficiency and dream of younghood have no meaning. No body wants even to hear his story. He always sits in his room alone and thinks for past life. There is a great change in his life. He used to be very busy in his younghood. Now he sits idle and stares in vacume. He passes his time in sleeping, walking and remembering about his past.

(In this way may write about other old man.)

We believe the information shared regarding Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English Chapter 5 The Lamentations of the Old Pensioner Questions and Answers as far as our knowledge is concerned is true and reliable. In case of any queries or suggestions do leave us your feedback and our team will guide you at the soonest possibility. Bookmark our site to avail latest updates on several state board Solutions at your fingertips.

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Bihar Board Class 11 English I Am The Daughter of The Land of Dravida Textual Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Why does the speaker cal] herself both Kam-kanya and Kai-kanya ?
Answer:
Amrita Pritam is the speaker in this poem. She calls herself both Kam-kanya and Kal-Kanya. She is the daughter of love and daugheter of death, both. The poet describes the different woman has two types of personalities. It is beacause she is the daughter of the land of Dravida. According to the poet Indian woman has to play two types of role. First, the role of creator, like lakshmi and Saraswati, by distributing love among her children, father, mother and relatives. In this way she thinks and works for the well being of her kins and relatives, day and night.

some times she has to play the second role of Goddess Kali, to destroy bad elements and evils. As goddess kali she destroys devils and criminals.

That is why all Indian woman is the daughter of the land of Dravida.

Question 2.
Comment on the Significance of the title? Why does each stanza end with this?
Answer:
A title of a poem is appropriate when the aims and object of the poem relates to it and is clear. The little of the poem, “I am the daughter of the land of Dravida is a suitable one. The line—”I am the daughter written and each stanza ends with the line,—”I am the daughter of the land of Dravida”.

Another great significace is the use of the word Dravida is every last line of each stanza. Dravida means one who is kind-earted. Dravid is a poins name and the centre of “satya Sanatan Dharm”. The poet in the poem had described the glory of Dravid-vidilization, and is proud of being the daughter of the land of “Dravid”

Another great significance is the use of the word Dravida in every last line of each stanza. Dravida means one who is kind hearted. Dravid is a poins name and the centre of “Satya Snatan Dharm”. The poet in the poem has described the glory of Dravid-civilization, and is praid of being the daughter of the poem is perfectly suitable.

Question 3.
Describe the condition of woman in your society.
Answer:
No doubt there has been some change in the attitude of people towards women. Now women are educated and even work in every field of national life. But by and large there has not been much change. It remains man’s world. Man dominates at home, in society, in politics and in other shpheres. In rural areas women work very hard but their reward is very little. Women don’t go to school. They are ill-treated and even beaten.

We believe the information shared regarding Bihar Board Solutions for Class 11 English Chapter 8 I Am The Daughter of The Land of Dravida Questions and Answers as far as our knowledge is concerned is true and reliable. In case of any queries or suggestions do leave us your feedback and our team will guide you at the soonest possibility. Bookmark our site to avail latest updates on several state board Solutions at your fingertips.